Technologies on the reproductive systems
Recent advances in technologies mainly on the reproductive systems, especially fields that alter germ-lines have raised more theoretical and ethical concerns. As a result of a significant improvement in reproductive technologies, humans will have the ability to utilize those artificial selections on the current human population (Glannon and Walter). Even thou the reproductive technologies have been proven to be less harmful on human bodies, but the social experiment is in conflict with existing ethical codes of human conduct. As a result, human cloning, as argued by genetic diversity arguments (GDA), the use of such technologies would substantially lead to potential loss of human genetic diversity.
Effects of Cloning and Genetic Diversity in Humans
According to Glannon and Walter, therapeutic cloning mostly used to generate the early-stage embryos that are later explanted in culture solely to produce embryonic stem cells where the genetic material is identical to its sources. In humans, the fetus is mainly explanted into the uterus of female to give an infant that is a clone. Reproductive cloning has widely criticized, and it has led to being banned in many countries due to various controversies surrounding technologies used in conducting therapeutic or reproductive cloning (Glannon and Walter). The genetic disorder among humans now estimated to 2.56% of the world’s population, which are roughly 180 million people. An example of a genetic disorder is the hereditary retinoblastoma a common disease which mainly attributed to the mutation. These primarily alter a gene coding for retinoblastoma protein (RB1) as a result of the deletion of chromosome 13 (Glannon and Walter). Cloning symbolizes the fundamental representation of social shift from nature hence a threat to future generations.
Conclusion
Cloning is a fantastic genetic tool used to broaden or narrow the gene pool. Effectively, selective breeding is causing the gene pool to adequately decrease since undesirable traits mostly removed from the primary breed during cloning. As a critical factor, cultural inheritance has over a million years allowed humans and all living things to accomplish the overall transmission of different experiences throughout generations naturally. Nonetheless, the natural selection in today’s humans have differential fertility and mortality even thou scientists predict that intensity may significantly decrease in future.