Case study of Boris on Tuberculosis
Objective and Subjective Data regarding Pathophysiological Changes associated with TB
Active tuberculosis occurs as a multi-organ disease following reactivation of latent tuberculosis or as a result of primary infection. A nursing care plan is essential in eradicating the infection and restoring proper gas exchange in a patient’s lungs. The nursing care plan uses subjective and objective data that guide the treatment to attain the desired outcome. A patient provides subjective data that helps health professionals to establish the right procedures to accomplish the desired result. The subjective data provides health professionals with information that cannot be tested or examined. Among the subjective data based on pathophysiological changes of tuberculosis include fatigue, chest pain, chills, anorexia, persistent coughs, and shortness of breath, and weight loss.
Health changes in patients, such as fatigue, involve feelings of anxiety without engaging in tiresome activities. The patients also may complain of chest pains, which include sudden and stabbing pain. Also, the patient has chills characterized by feelings of coldness despite having a hot temperature. Shortness of breath also depicts changes in breathing, which shows the chances of getting tuberculosis. Individuals may also have changes in weight loss without undertaking activities with intents to lose weight.
Further, objective data can be used to determine the condition of the patient to infer on tuberculosis. Among the objective data include night sweats, cough, PaO2, SpO2, and hemoptysis. The objective data helps the health professionals to establish the extent to which patients have developed the infection. Excessive night sweats depict changes in body functioning, which helps physicians determine the changes. Also, patients may have persistent coughs and hemoptysis, which involves coughs with blood-stained mucus. Patients may also determine the SpO2 of patients by assessing the amount of hemoglobin carrying blood versus hemoglobin, not carrying oxygen. A patient’s PaO2 also helps determine the condition of patients by measuring the pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. The PAO2 reflects patients’ health by assessing the movement of oxygen from the lungs to the blood. Centrally, the objective data involves changes that may be assessed by physicians following observable changes among the patients.