Smoking causes respiratory conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma

Smoking causes respiratory conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma

Introduction

Don’t make smokes; your story is an integral part of the national tobacco campaigned. It was launched in the year 2016 with various intentions, and it is performance evaluated year and year. The most intense of this campaign was to attempt to halve the smoking rate of aboriginal and Torres islanders by the year 2018. The campaign usually uses a positive tone, which puts its focus on the benefits of quitting smoking. Besides, the campaign highlights the benefits and importance of quitting not only for themselves but also for their families. The research that was released in the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) reported that 39.0% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders over people aged 15 years and above smoke daily. There is a need for targeting the behavior of smoking since it is a preventable habit, and reducing it means a reduction of death of the indigenous population. Besides, there is another reason for lowering smoking habits since it is associated with severe health conditions. Some of the harsh conditions related to smoking include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, and eye disease. Furthermore, smoking causes respiratory conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma.

Mini Literature Review

There is another health significance connected with the behavior of quitting smoking of tobacco. It is sensible that if the family wants a healthy baby, there is a need for pregnant mothers to adopt a behavioral change of quitting smoking. Generally, quitting smoking can result in many benefits to the targeted group. Due to these campaigns, it was noted that a third of the targeted population has tried to quit smoking. As a result, it has been established that through quitting smoking, daily smokers could save $ 8300.0 annually (Taylor & Mastersen, 2018). Therefore, a campaign or don’t make smokes your story is seen to make a big difference in the welfare and health of the targeted population.

Even though the health practitioners, the community members, together with researchers, have been in the action of reducing tobacco in the targeted communities, the delivery actions of programs have limited sources. In the year 2008, tackling the Indigenous Smoking initiative was publicized. It represented a substantial commitment to the strategic approach to Indigenous tobacco action with associated funding. However, in the year 2014, the budget saw cut funding by approximately 130 million within five years, which was third in yearly financing (Chamberlain et al., 2017). In the year 2108, it is reported that this program has a budget of $ 116.80 million

Up to date, the critical evaluations of the diverse programs which have been undertaken among the targeted group have been scarce or instead, limited with small samples and challenges of research design. Whereas there is extensive research about tobacco (the health promotion) wits aimed at the reduction of prevalence in other populations, their evidence is less that such initiatives should be transferred to the target group (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities). The systematic review of tendencies in the indigenous Australian tobacco study indicated that from 2004 – 2013, the intervention studies of guiding the efforts towards decreasing tobacco – health-related disparities are still few (Feldkamp, 2014). The scenario remains to be undressed fully despite heave in research output in the year 2008 that related to indigenous tobacco control. It is an aspect that suggests that rigorous assessments and especially of detailed secondary prevention plans to develop evidence-based in concerning tobacco action forums in the targeted community.

Despite having the limited evidence literature concerning indigenous tobacco control, several reviews have been identified to likely design appropriate tobacco initiatives for the targeted communities. There should include essential principles that should underpin tobacco action in the target community. Some of these principles are as follows;

• Maximizing the community control together with building capacity within the indigenous movement.
• Respecting and also understanding the social context through which Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islanders’ way of living. That aspect of the way of life should be incorporated and reflected within the programs that include concerns of family and community.
• Establishment of programs which are all-inclusive and focus on the social factors of health.
• Drawing or planning of existing theory and study to ensure all messages are evidence-baseded.
• Making sure that the tobacco action programs are comprehensible or detailed as possible within the given resources.
• Assessment of all programs to develop evidence of the appropriate practice in the context of indigenous tobacco action
• Coming up with adequate and continuing funding available to establish the extended-term programs plans
• Developing cooperative relationships across the sectors, whereas being watchful of upholding Indigenous community regulation within the relationships.

The 2016 systematic review was seen to examine the strategies of reducing commercial tobacco among the Indigenous communities internationally. The researchers have concluded that the extent of research suggests a growing prioritization and willingness to address high rates of smoking among the target community (Stevens & Thomas, 2016). The detailed approach, which comprises various activities, should be implemented. The activities in the strategy to be implemented include; the concept of Aboriginal leadership, the long term – community investments as well as the provision of culturally suitable health materials that could promote positive change.

Planning

The plan started by the department commissioning an independent research agency known as ORC International to carry out a benchmark and assessment survey of the campaign. The assessment is done on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals living in urban, regional, and remote locations. The initial benchmark survey of (n =201) was finalized before the launch of the campaign. The benchmark was to come up with the foundation of smoking behaviors and attitudes. Besides, it was also meant to attain knowledge on the beliefs, attitudes, deeds, and intentions concerning smoking and quitting habits (Gould et al., 2018). The qualitative data was finalized throughout the indigenous society face to face (interviews). The interviews were conducted by highly trained workers from various national organizations.

On the other hand, qualitative research and collection of data was done through figures and also using the previous evidence on the target group. For comparison, an online survey between non – indigenous and indigenous populations there was done by a non – indigenous residents of Australia. During this campaign, the established group at risk included the recent smokers, relapsing Aboriginal and Torres strait islanders, and also the quitters. The evaluation of the campaign was done in three consecutive years from 2016 – 2018, whereby quantitative and qualitative aspects were considered. Besides, there was an evaluation survey that was carried out annually to determine the effects of the campaign each year. Furthermore, the evaluation involved distinct online research for assessment of the efficacy of campaign in non – indigenous residents of Australia. It is an aspect which diversified the campaign and its effectiveness towards the general members of the public.

AIMS

The aim is to reduce the occurrence of smoking together with its connected health and social expenses as well as the inequalities it develops.

The objectives

The primary objectives of the campaign are highlighted as follows

• To encourage the attempts of quitting among the recent smokers and also trying to help them to keep on trying to quit.
• To exhaustively communicate the health hazards of smoking.
• Clearly showing the benefits and needs of quitting for the smokers together with their families.
• To ask for the service providers and the family members to give a hand in supporting the campaign.
• To trigger or impact the people to support resources involving Quitline, the website, and smoking app

The Behavior change model

Concerning this campaign, the Government of Australia targeted both pre-inspection and inspection of various stages of change theory. The campaign has been targeting the benefits of quitting, which is supposed to be obtained through a specific behavior change model (Cuthbert et al., 2019). The behavior change model needs to be integrated with various activities. The activities are inclusive of having a video that summarizes with awareness in the audience’s mind about the importance of quitting. That awareness should encourage the current smokers to visit, read, or even download information on various methods of quitting. The campaign has a slogan that “Don’t make smokes your story,” which is a phrase that gets victims to think about and internalize it. It is an aspect which, in a way, calls for the willingness to reduce the usage of tobacco and raise their standards of living.

To have effective results from the campaign, there is a need for Campaign development that needs methods and strategies to implement it. Some of the ways to be applied are inclusive of the following;

• Engaging the community and recruitment – It is an aspect of working together with the local indigenous members of the society to interview them one on one. The interview was carried through the use of questionnaires, while tablets were used to indicate campaign materials for ensuring appropriate recollection measures.
• The sample design – Since the age of smokers in the target group starts at 15 years; this age was used as the initial age. The sample also included the people who have recently quitted smoke in the last one year. The sample design was developed with terrestrial stratification in percentage to the indigenous populace in the urban centers, the regional and remote areas within each territory or state.
• The fieldwork involved 20 locations within Australia to be completed within four weeks.
• The use of a questionnaire with specific questions to ask. Some of the questions asked included the status of smoking, the choice of quitting or not, awareness and exposure of the campaigns, and finally, the attitude of campaigns.
• The sample profiles involved current smokers of 15 years and above ad also those who have quitted smoke for the last years. It has 510.0 respondents coming from both major cities and remote regions.

Campaign implementation

Type: Television type

Time: Fifteen seconds of advertising visually through TV

Setting: Man, or father being surrounded by his family in their homestead

Reach: (in 2018, had 78.0% of respondents of the campaign, viewed by at least 347,000.0 in Youtube)

Reflection/ Evaluation

The analysis or evaluation of campaign was done using of 4P’s which includes the product, the price, and the promotions. The individual analysis of each p is discussed as follows;

• Product – It concerned with reducing rates of smoking among indigenous residents of Australian.
• Price – It is concerned with altering the addictive behaviors by making individuals quit smoking.
• Place – it is a concept which concerned with the platform to be used in campaigning. It had platforms such as Television, Radio, Online platforms, and Newspapers
• Promotion- It is an aspect that focused on the various benefits of quitting smoking, for example, improvement of life quality and saving approximately $8300 per year.

The assessment showed that the research conducted by the government of Australia has the aim of measuring the following;

• The level of campaign awareness within the indigenous societies
• The consciousness of support tools that are available to aid people in quitting smoking
• The level of rising of quit attempts as a result of being exposed to messages from the campaign.
• The intention for the victims to either quit or to not.
• Campaigns results which could be used in coming up with a conclusion for the future research of “Don’t Make Smokes Your Story.”

Critique of the company

The critique is based on the capability of finding the actual random possibility sample of the population seemed to be impossible due to the following reasoning

• There is no representative of the research panel of indigenous Australian who has ever existed (Heris et al., 2019).
• There is no model frame of indigenous individuals within Australia

Recommendations

• There was substantial recognition of the campaign among the indigenous society in all regions ranging from towns to remote areas.
• The education to be carried in both primary and secondary school bout harms of smoking and the benefits of not smoking
• More incorporation of both indigenous and non – indigenous groups during campaigns
• Coming up with programs that can be used in rural areas t help to quit and not rely entirely on online platforms.
• Having a motivation platform for those trying and combine them to achieve the quitting together