The impact of sexual abuse on the mental health of children in Nigeria
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The paper is all about reviewing two authors articles discussing the methods, findings, their similarities. You only have to use two authors. Note- I have my research question and two authors I want to use; you can use mine to work on it. If you have any question, don’t hesitate to communicate with me here. please, I would attach two important documents need to follow the steps needed. The lecturer listed the things she wants to see in the paper.
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Introduction
Children sexual abuse is referred to as molestation of a child as a form of abuse where adults use a child for sexual stimulation. Sexual abuse involves in activities related to sex with a child through pressurizing or any other means. Child abuse effects include depression, anxiety and victimization prosperity. However, this paper is all about methods, findings, and their similarities conceptuality and finally, a summary of sexual abuse impact on mental health following various researchers.
Conceptual
Sexual abuse can occur in various settings which include schools, at home and sometimes at the places of work. Getting married to a child is also considered as child abuse and is considered a violation of child’s rights. Per UNICEF, child marriage is the most common form of sexual abuse and girl’s exploitation.
Child sexual abuse is estimated to be around 19.7% female and approximately 7.9%, males. According to research, approximately 30% said to be the child’s relatives, mostly close relatives live parents. 60% believed to be other friends such as family friends, neighbours or those who take care of the children in the absence of their parents. Strangers considered to contribute greatly to child abuse cases. According to UNICEF, many cases of childhood sexual abuse performed by men. At the same time, studies on female child molestation indicate that women commit 14% to around 40% of reported offences against males and around 6% against female. Adverse psychological and physical consequences of CSA include acquisition of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV, teenage pregnancy and its associated adverse sequel, physical trauma and anti-social behaviour development.
Overview
Johnson, in his research on the mental health of child and child abuse among the female child hawker’s possibility of sexual consequences. The author stated that the female child hawkers are at great risk of sexual consequences as compared to the boys in the same business. Considering a study which took place in Anambra state, Nigeria reported low awareness level of pregnancy risk (43.1%) and sexually transmitted diseases (54.3%). The author stated that the law level of pregnancy awareness and sexually transmitted diseases as consequences of intercourse among girls. He also explains further that the fear of being stigmatization as another big problem among the girl’s mental health where they get forced sometimes to stay quiet and decide not to seek help or disclose to their guardians. Since the prevalence estimated of child sexual abuse found to vary according to various studies in Nigeria widely, the author states that the prevalence rate according to Nigerian Health Survey (NDHS) was estimated to be 6.6%. Different researches have come out with wide variations in its prevalence, such as 6-62%, 10% and 40%. The author further explains that wide variations in the rate of prevalence as a result of different rates of reporting incidences in different locations. Johnson explains further and states that the rate of prevalences is sometimes difficult to be accurate, therefore grossly underestimated.
According to Johnson’s research, various barriers encountered when dealing with matters on sexual abuse on children’s mental health in Nigeria. Such barriers include ignorance found to contribute to sexual abuse among the children. Secondly, the sexual assault and fear of being stigmatized. According to the author, this type of culture of underreporting may be a big problem for the male dominance culture and female economies and social disempowerment.
Mathews, in his book, pointed out that sexual abuse on children to avoid effects on mental health. child sexual abuse is now being taken seriously by several societies. He further, emphasizes on the clinician to work on a more optimal way to deal with sexual assault and be able to treat it. He also states that the community should put more efforts into ensuring they play a part in awareness of the sexual assault and mental health of a child in Nigeria.
Children rights Act in 2003 adopted by Nigeria meant for legal documentation for children’s rights protection. The listed rights included were the rights to dignity, sexual abuse protection (section 29) and protection against bullying, prostitution, begging (section 38). The laws expected to be implemented in different states of Nigeria to fight for children rights.
The research from the two authors indicates that the impact on sexual abuse on the mental health of children in Nigeria has been a big problem to the community. The mental health among the affected individuals may result in stigmatization, and also it may cause death. In the research, there have been similarities in the impacts of sexual abuse on the children’s mental health in Nigeria. According to the two authors, similarities such as stigmatization, prevalence measure of sexual abuse in children pointed out.
References
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Mathews, B. (2019). New international frontiers in child sexual abuse: Theory, problems and progress.
Johnson, O. E., Motilewa, O. O., & Ekpin, V. I. (2019). Forms and determinants of sexual abuse among female child hawkers in Uyo, Nigeria. Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, 31(2), 13-25
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