Jean Orlando’s Nursing Process Theory
Jean Orlando illustrates in her nursing process theory the practices of impactful interactions with patients, which in turn leads to relevant and useful interventions, and positive outcomes with patients. The theorist claims that a nurse should work hand in hand with the patient to find workable solutions. This essay illustrates the nursing theory process, its assumptions, criticism, and applicability in the nursing profession.
The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship was published in the year 1961 by Ida Jean Orlando (Gonzalo, 2019). The theory is labelled as Orlando’s Nursing Process Discipline theory. The theory states that a nurse’s work is to figure out and accomplish a patient’s immediate need. The conduct presented by a patient may be a way of asking for help. So, a nurse should use his or her perception, thoughts about the particular perception, feeling raised by the thoughts to question further to seek clarity for the meaning of a patient’s character (Gonzalo, 2019). By following this, a nurse can figure out the issue with patience and offer the assistance needed.
The concepts used in this theory include presenting behaviour, improvement, nursing process discipline, immediate reaction and professional nursing. Professional nursing is accorded the principle of organization that is, figuring out what the patient needs immediately, and meeting those requirements. Jean Orlando claims that nursing is about responding to suffering people, who show a sense of helplessness (Toney-Butler and Thayer, 2019). Nursing is aimed at providing immediate care and straight aid to a patient in any situation they find themselves in, so as to help avoid, relieve, diminish or cure the helplessness of a patient. The theory states the importance of nursing is to give the patient the immediate assistance he or she requires, and if a nurse is able to do that, the nursing purpose has been acquired.
The notion of presenting behaviour means a patient’s challenging situation. When a patient shows a problematic situation, a nurse can figure out the immediate need for help. A nurse should, therefore, label the condition as problematical. Irrespective of how the presenting behaviour seems, it may symbolize a patient’s cry for help (Toney-Butler and Thayer, 2019). The presenting behaviour is seen as a stimulus that leads to an involuntary inner reaction in nurses and consequently leads to a comeback from the patient.
The term immediate reaction is referred to as the internal responses of a patient. He or she views objects with the five human senses. The perception triggers an unconscious thought, which in turn leads to an involuntary feeling leading into a reaction from the patient (Toney-Butler and Thayer, 2019). The response that is triggered immediately depicts how nurses experience their part in the nurse-patient relationship.
The nursing process discipline is described as the examination of a patient’s necessities. To meet a patient’s needs, observing the patient is key to ascertain and meet his/her needs. However, a nurse cannot hold the assumption that his/her response to a patient is correct, in order or helpful until the nurse explores the patient further (Kearsley, 2020). A nurse thus examines a patient further to figure out how his/her words or actions affect a patient. The reaction that happens automatically is not useful because the deeds of a nurse are determined for the different reasons from those of interpretation of the patient’s character of his/her need for help. For effective communication to occur, a nurse must explore a patient’s reactions towards him/her.
Lastly, the term improvement refers to the resolving of the patient’s condition. The acts of the nurses are not measured, as it is the results of the actions that get evaluated (Toney-Butler and Thayer, 2019). By doing this, it is determined whether the actions of the nurse were useful in assisting a patient in communicating his/her needs.
The deliberate Nursing Process theory was developed with the aim of ensuring that nurses developed impactful nursing practices (Kearsley, 2020). It illustrates the role played by nurses in figuring out and accomplishing a patient’s needs. This theory helps nurses to create an applicable care plan, which is easy to adapt if difficulties arise with the patients. The theory stresses the connection between a nurse and a patient is about reciprocity (Kearsley, 2020). Additionally, it points out the essence of the patient’s inclusiveness in the nursing process. It has made a vast difference in nursing. Before the theory was formulated, the role of a nurse was vague. Nowadays, because of this theory, a nurse is able to do her tasks well because he/she understands what is required of her. Orlando’s research and discoveries made it possible for nurses to use their personal experiences and intuitions to cater to patients.
This theory was chosen because it resonates with the reason why I choose this profession, to help patients recover faster and in a better way. Before the theory, nurses were seen as people whose work is only to take care of the activities of the hospital. Because of Orlando’s theory, a nurse is recognized as capable of helping meet a patient’s need but applying personal experience and instinct. If the theory did not exist, it would be really difficult for a nurse to accomplish his or her duties, because they were totally unclear. The theory will help me as a nurse achieve higher, successful patient results.
The theory holds several assumptions. The mains ones are that a patient is not able to deal with his/her needs without help. Therefore, feelings of helplessness arise (Abyu & Agenagnew, 2019). When a nurse presents himself or herself as a professional character, the distress of a patient is likely to grow. The theory takes every patient as unique in how their response is. Besides that, the theory assumes that nursing can be related to mothering and nurturing, whereby nurses offer and mothering experience to patients. Also, nurses associate with people, surroundings and wellbeing. Orlando assumes that patients require assistance in voicing their needs as they may be unease to communicate about their dependence, as human beings can be secretive about what they need, think of or feel (Petiprin, 2016). In addition, the setting of a nurse-patient is dynamic and influenced by the happenings and reactions of both the nurse and the patient. Orlando believes that a patient is not able to talk about his or her distress without the assistance of the nurse, so a nurse must create a relationship with a patient for this to happen (Petiprin, 2016). Lastly, a nurse is only able to accomplish the requirements of a patient, with the help of the patient.
The theory describes nursing as more than just simple caring (Abyu, & Agenagnew, 2019). It involves establishing a relationship with a patient, using one’s senses, personal experience, and intuition to figure out what a patient needs, and how to best help the patient recover better. Jean Orlando’s theory considers medicine and nursing as different professions, thereby differentiating the two (Petiprin, 2016). She claims that nurses determine their actions in nursing, instead of relying on a physician for orders, the organizational needs or personal experiences (Abyu, & Agenagnew, 2019). The theory is clear and involves a few concepts that are well defined and developed throughout the theory. It is non-complex as the concepts are simply put, and relationships well described. It focuses on a few numbers of situations and is adaptable to the nursing process.
Before this theory was formulated, the role of the nurse was unclear and often included attending to disease and the requirements of the institution (Petiprin, 2016). Orlando’s theory was able to correct this and clarify the role of nurses, as being in charge of the welfare of the patients. Orlando made it possible for the interactions between patients and nurses to be deemed important. Nurses were appreciated for having a larger part to play in a patient’s wellness by use of their intuitions (Petiprin, 2016). The role of the nurse now includes an assessment of the immediate requirements of a patient, which leads to a faster and better recovery.
Case study of peter
Peter is a 28-year-old man, admitted to oncology nursing unit for examination after sensing a lump in the right testicle, a collection of fluid in the scrotum and back pain. A blood test and an ultrasound revealed he has class v testicular cancer. His history revealed that he has not been undergoing frequent examinations. He is 6 feet, 4 inches and weighs 109 pounds. His usual weight is around 150 pounds. He has consumed about 500 packets of hand-rolled cigarettes in the last 19 years. Peter completed eighth grade. He is divorced, with three children that he has custody. His ex-wife is unemployed, and he describes her as an addict. He has progressed well, but he is not able to empty his urinary bladder. He reports experiencing continuous nausea. Peter will have to perform self-catheterization at home. His medication includes (1) antibiotics, (2) an analgesic for pain relief, and (3) an antiemetic to help curb nausea. Also, he will be getting radiation therapy on an outpatient basis. Peter is particularly sad, and he voices his worries over his children.
Nursing care plan for peter
In conclusion, Jean Orlando’s Nursing Process Theory has played such a big role in helping nurses get much more positive outcomes from patients. It is helpful especially to new nurses as they begin their careers as it is straight forward, easy to put to practice and keeps the focus on a patient. Because of this theory, the role of the nurse today is well laid out and understood. Nurses can take part in ensuring the wellness of their patients.
References
Gonzalo, A. (2019). Ida Jean Orlando: Deliberative Nursing Process Theory. Retrieved from: https://nurseslabs.com/ida-jean-orlandos-deliberative-nursing-process-theory/
Petiprin, A. (2016). Orlando’s Nursing Process Discipline Theory. Retrieved from: https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/orlando-nursing-process-discipline-theory.php
Abyu, G & Agenagnew, L. (2019). Ida Jean Orlando’s Nursing Process Theory. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335995412_Ida_Jean_Orlando’s_Nursing_Process_Theory/citation/download
Kearsley, K. (2020). Ida Jean Orlando – Nursing Process Theory. Retrieved from: https://studentnursejourney.com/ida-jean-orlando-nursing-process-theory/
Toney-Butler TJ, Thayer JM. Nursing Process. [Updated 2019 Jul 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499937/