The Three Types of Governments in International Relation (Monarchy, democracy, communism)
Introduction:
A government represents either a group or a system governing an integrated or organized form of community. He not only frames state policies but also perfectly implements the same. Governments play multiple roles at the same time like arbitrators, administrators, and legislators. It is the power structure and source of power on the basis of which the government can be categorized into varied categories. Three key categories of government are communism democracy and monarchy.
- Monarchy:
In a monarchy, the government in power is usually chosen through bloodlines. Here, the ruler can be easily predicted from the very beginning, and this is one of the leading highlights of this particular form of government. During ancient eras, this government form was quite popular, and it is still prevalent in many places. Here, the government enjoys the sole authority and decides everything in a state. As per Sanyaolu et al., (2016), a monarchy power is nothing but a custodian of security, norms, values, welfare, and tradition of subjects.
Key highlights:
Power gets smoothly transferred, and on the other hand, maintaining this government is much cost-effective. An absolutely stronger defense is being maintained along with a balanced control. On the other hand, the country’s direction cannot be easily changed under monarchies, and tyranny can develop within the structure at any point in time. Succession always does not always guarantee competency. Class discrimination and lack of independent justice are quite prominent out here.
- Democracy:
In the case of democracy, eligible state members or the whole of the population get the opportunity of voting directly for choosing the best person for the post of the government. To be more specific, a community decides its leaders via voting for taking all vital state decisions on behalf. As per Nwogu (2015), four significant elements of democracy are people’s active participation, fair and free elections for both replacing and choosing the government, citizens’ human rights protection, and equal application of procedures and laws to every citizen.
Key highlights:
In this government form, people can exercise their rights and power openly for the selection of their governor. If the immediate successor of the previous ruler is competent enough, then people vote for him; otherwise, they choose a new person who can serve their needs or interests well. Equal participation of people is involved here not only in government selection but also in the development of state policies and laws. Democracy encompasses those cultural, economic, and social conditions that invite the equal and free practice of self-discrimination politically. Direct and representative democracies are the two most popular terms out here.
- Direct democracy: Direct voting over policy initiatives by people is found in direct democracy. It is on the basis of the prevalent system that democracy might involve making of laws, passing of executive decisions, conduction of trials, and direct dismissal or election of officials. Direct democracy can be again sub-categorized into two popular forms like deliberative and participatory democracy.
- Representative democracy: This is such a democracy variety which is found within elected individuals’ principle representing a people’s group. It is generally formed as a powerful constitutional republic which is different from that of direct democracy.
The democratic government always takes the decision for the welfare of the voters. There are some standard constitutional law limits within which the citizens need to exercise their voting rights. Some key characteristics that have been observed in democratic government are legitimacy, periodic election, fundamental human rights, equality, political parties’ existence, power separation and balances, and checks. Speedy economic growth, along with justice, is being encouraged by avoiding unwanted dictatorship. But there are, of course, higher chances of corruption to get into the system at any time, and moreover, the system is pretty costly. Democracy is simply impossible where citizens are completely unaware of their voting rights, and even if they are aware, but they are not willing to exercise the same.
- Communism:
In the economic system of communism, production factors are owned by the communist group. In most of the cases, the group is being represented by the government itself. A centrally planned economic system can be enjoyed, and huge economic resources can also be mobilized in a proper way. This is how massive industrial projects can be easily executed.
Key highlights:
- Abolition of inherited rights and all kinds of land rents, especially for public purposes.
- Extremely heavy graduated or progressive income taxes.
- Confiscation of rebels’ or immigrants’ properties.
- abolition of country and town distinction,
- Children education for free at public schools along with the elimination of child labor at factories.
- Credit centralization in the state’s hands.
- Transportation and communication regulation by the state.
- Soil improvement and cultivation of wastelands by production instruments and state factories.
The free market is eliminated, and the supply-and-demand laws do not set the prices. In this case, people’s opinions or valuable feedbacks are not considered. Thus, consumers’ latest needs are not known.
Which form of government seems to be the best one?
After analyzing the positive and negative aspects of all three government forms, I have come to this conclusion that democracy is the best option. Democracy not only takes care of people’s needs but also looks after the economic and social progress of the country at the same time. As per Kabdualiyeva (2013), since tyranny is being prevented in democratic states, therefore both external and internal stability is maintained. As there is no trace of a dictatorship; thus, people’s interests, needs, and rights are being protected well.
Governments play a great role in different political, social, and economic aspects of the states. If the government is not wise enough, then he will not be able to make the right decisions for his people as a result of which both social and economic conditions will decline. As per Bell, (2002), the sustainable enterprise can be promoted easily only when the government plays the role of a goal setter, facilitator, leader, and green-fiscal authority. In short, governments should always frame policies in favor of the state’s industrial growth. Industrial growth is very much important; otherwise, the state will never receive a steady and continuous economic growth or prosperity.
References:
Paul Sanyaolu, C. O. Sanyaolu & P. Wogu, ( 2016), Comparison of Monarchism & Democracy as Viable Political Ideologies with the View of Identifying the Part They can Play in National Development, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319630168_COMPARISON_OF_MONARCHISM_AND_DEMOCRACY_AS_VIABLE_POLITICAL_IDEOLOGIES_WITH_THE_VIEW_OF_IDENTIFYING_THE_PART_THEY_CAN_PLAY_IN_NATIONAL_DEVELOPMENT
Nwogu, G.A.I, (2015), Democracy: It’s Meaning & Dissenting Opinions of the Political Class in Nigeria: a Philosophical Approach, The Concept of Democracy, pg-131, https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1083739.pdf
Kabdualiyeva M. A, (2013), Democracy: For & against, https://research-journal.org/en/politology-en/democracy-pro-contra/
David V.J. Bell, (2002), the Role of Government in Advancing Corporate Sustainability, KEY ROLES OF GOVERNMENT IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE, page-11, http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/2002/bell11062002.pdf