if a person has diabetes
The first test is the blood glucose test, which will measure the amount of glucose in the patient’s blood. Glucose is a type of simple sugar that is the primary source of energy in the human body, and the body converts the carbohydrates one eats into glucose (American Diabetes Association, 2017). The test is primarily done for persons with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. Diabetes is a condition that causes blood glucose levels to increase. The amount of sugar in a person’s blood is controlled by a hormone known as insulin (American Diabetes Association, 2017). But, if a person has diabetes, their body doesn’t either make enough insulin or the insulin produced doesn’t work correctly. Therefore, sugar builds up in the blood, and with increased blood sugar levels, there can be severe organ damage if left untreated.
The second test is the lipid profile tests, and it is a blood test done by testing a blood sample, and it is meant to determine the number of lipids in the body. Lipids are fatty and waxy substances in the body that form lipoproteins (Shah, Glueck, Jetty, Goldenberg, Rothschild, Riaz, & Wang, 2016). Even though they have a primary role in numerous metabolic activities of the body, having an excess of particular lipoproteins is connected to the risk of cardiovascular illnesses and heart problems. The liquid profile test determines the amount of total cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein or HDL, very low-density lipoprotein or VLDL, low-density lipoprotein, or LDL and Triglycerides (Shah, Glueck, Jetty, Goldenberg, Rothschild, Riaz, & Wang, 2016). The test involves drawing blood after fasting for about 9 to 12 hours, but in some cases, a non-fasting test can be done. The persons who need to take to take a lipid profile test are persons with diabetes since often, high cholesterol and diabetes occur together, obesity, high blood pressure, persons who have a history with heart problems, persons with a history of kidney disease, and sedentary lifestyle. In summary, having high LDL and triglycerides consistently is a confirmation for the diagnosis of high cholesterol.
Medication
Since Mrs. G. is an adult, she has type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the medication is meant to manage type 2 diabetes. The management of diabetes involves food, exercise, and medicine, which work together to bring blood sugar under control (American Diabetes Association, 2017). For Mrs. G., it is evident that diet and exercise a lot cannot manage to keep her blood sugar in a healthy range. Therefore, she will be given some medications in combination with others while considering those pills with more than one kind of drug. The first medication given is the Biguanides, and it comprises of metformin. It is the most common drug used in the treatment of diabetes, and it tells the liver to retain some glucose that it makes. Further, she will be given the Meglitinides and sulfonylureas, the drug that tells the pancreases to create more insulin. Likewise, she will be given Thiazolidinedione that helps the insulin to function better. The lower the insulin resistance from the cells, the less hard the pancreas works (American Diabetes Association, 2017). Further, Mrs. G will be put on insulin therapy since she seems to be in a stressful condition, and the drugs cannot function properly is she is stressed. In a stressful condition, the drugs are not enough to control the blood sugar, and she might have to use more than one insulin. The best way for her to take insulin is by giving her an insulin pen, which looks like a pen but has a needle at the end. It will be prefilled with insulin to make it easier for her to operate.
In the United States, cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams of cholesterol per deciliter of blood. Still, in Canada and most European nations, they are measured in millimoles per liter (Shah, Glueck, Jetty, Goldenberg, Rothschild, Riaz, & Wang, 2016). To interpret the test results, one needs to use the below table.