Drought detection and monitoring are the first strategies to mitigate and manage drought (Kogan & Guo, 2011). The drought and food supply situation depends on the rainfall patterns and farming preparedness for nations. An upcoming approach by the meteorological research institution entails monitoring the signs for rainfall and the prediction of the rainfall patterns. Early and accurate monitoring is useful in preparing for the effects of drought through other means like water conservation, use of alternative sources such as groundwater and livestock reduction. However, the challenges for drought detection are untimeliness or inaccuracy, which leads to severe deaths from hunger and drought strikes. The strategy on drought monitoring has been in place in India, which is prone to drought. Early assessment of impending dryness in the climatic conditions encourages the governments to initiate mitigation plans such as emergency relief response. Also, relevant authorities can demarcate land prone to water shortages and food security issues, thereby implementing a drive for relief. China can adopt the drought detection approach and trigger efficient mitigation of the food and water-related insecurity. The advantages of early detection and reaction are the sustainability of the economic conditions and adequate response, thus prevention death related cases from starvation.
Conclusion
China has suffered from the drought pandemic on several occasions, which left the socio-economic situation in a disastrous state. The nation has adopted unique approaches to mitigate the drought, such as the development of water reservoirs. Other strategies have efficiently reduced the drought pandemic, such as aerobic rice and seed breeding, which is adopted by farmers (Keshavarz, & Karami, 2014). The seed hybrids are both labor-intensive and cost-efficient to the farmers, and their yield can be optimized; to ensure sufficient food supply. Other drought mitigation plans include cloud seeding or artificial precipitation, which is the induction of clouds to provide rainfalls. Smart farming plans encourage the restricted irrigation of farms to reduce wastage and conserve water for future use. Farmers can adopt the use of oscillating sprinklers for irrigation, which is ideal for soaking the soil slowly and maintaining high water retention capacity.
Furthermore, meteorological departments can monitor and assess the rainfall patterns and thus make the prediction of drought. The information is used to develop early emergency relief and mass sensitization on the rainfall prediction and coping mechanisms. Risk awareness to both farmers and industrialists enables early preparation such as moderate use of water and tree-planting programs to yield in healthier socio-economic environments. The use of Rhizobacteria in the agricultural practice of crops helps to reduce the water requirements in plants and neutralize the salinity of salts, thereby impacting positively on the optimum farm yields. Altogether, the strategies discussed have successfully reduced drought and its impact on greater heights as well as maintain a stable socio-economic environment. Thus the approach is recommendable for china in drought mitigation and management.