Tularemia outbreak is a complex public health problem that needs many multi-faceted actions from the environmentalists and public health sectors to solve the approach using adequate approaches. Therefore, public health professionals should make sure to focus on the health of the population when developing the necessary measures to make sure they solve the tularemia health outbreak before it becomes a public health issue. According to Desvars-Larrive et al. (2017), the role of public health and environmentalist in enhancing and influencing the population health is not limited within the healthcare sector but also by other areas outside the healthcare system.
Public health plays a vital role in preventing animals to human infections and establishes measures to deal with infected people to avoid population infection.
Public health should be a shared value among different populations and sectors to be able to develop adequate strategies and collective actions to deal with public health issues such as the outbreak of tularemia in a recreational area.
Public health is involved in this case scenario because tularemia disease has emerged in highly populated areas, which consist of rabbits infected with tularemia causing death to rabbits. According to Pulavendran et al. (200), the public health fear is that people will get infected through different ways such as drinking contaminated water, participating in recreational activities such as swimming in the contaminated swimming, breathing bacteria from infected animals, or, coming into contact with infected rabbits. Therefore immediate and effective measures should be established and implemented to prevent the contamination and spread of the disease when people visit the recreational reservoir.
Public health is involved in the prevention of tularemia by providing and taking necessary safety precautions to spread the spread of the disease from animals to humans. The first approach by public health and environmentalists is enhancing hygiene among the people vising the reservoir to prevent contamination with bacteria that causes tularemia (Hennebique et al., 2019). Bacteria that causes tularemia to thrive in dirty environments and conditions, therefore public health professionals and environmentalist makes sure the population maintains hygienic condition to prevent bacteria.
Public health ensures the practice of safe cleaning methods to make sure they avoid contaminating their bodies and belongings, especially when handling animals to prevent contamination. People who treat animals such as rabbits should take precautionary measures such as wearing protective gear such as gloves and goggles to make sure the bacteria are not transmitted to humans through contact.
Public health ensures the household food is thoroughly cooked and water boiled to avoid consuming bacteria-contaminated food and water. Also though washing hands after handling animals and food is crucial as a precaution for preventing tularemia infections. People should avoid taking food from contaminated areas and avoid consuming water from such regions (Rohani et al., 2018). Additionally, public health should make sure the recreational activities enhance their safety by making sure the water in the swimming pool is clean, safe, and of high quality when people use it for recreational purposes.
Public health is involved in reducing the contamination and spread of tularemia by educating the public about the disease to avoid sick and dead animals and take the necessary precautions to protect contamination from infected animals and protect from biting to prevent being infected. Public health provides the population with adequate information to enhance understanding of tularemia in areas with high incident rates (Hennebique et al., 2019).
Areas with terrestrial animals such as rabbits, rodents, and squirrels have a higher outbreak and epidemiology of tularemia due to animal-human interactions (Mihelčić et al., 2020). Therefore, the rate of increases is higher when the outbreak of the disease is higher, and many people come into contact with the animals. Therefore, when relevant authorities notice the illness in animals, they should involve public health to make sure the bacteria are not transmitted from animals to people. According to Desvars-Larrive et al. (2017), the relevant local, state and national authorities such as veterinarians, government administrators, policies and lawmakers should collaborate with public health to make sure the animals are contained, and infected areas visited by people are precautiously disinfected to prevent the spread of the disease.
The public health intervention, when an increased death of rabbits in the recreational areas is noticed, makes sure the pandemic facing the animals is contained and prevented from reaching the human being. The region gets visits from a large number of people; therefore the infection rate will be high, causing a public health pandemic (Mostafavi et al., 2017). It is because tularemia is a zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from animals to people leading to a public health pandemic in such an area that is visited by many people.