E220/17526/2019
EFD 102
HISTORY OF EDUCATION
ASSIGNMENT
DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION FROM PRE COLONIAL TIME WITH GREAT EMPHASIS ON CURRENT COMPETENCY-BASED CURRICULUM
A Competence-Based Curriculum is a curriculum that emphasis on what a learner is expected to do rather than mainly focusing on what is expected to know.
Before colonization no foreign system of education had been established in the land. The African community in Kenya had developed their way of training the younger generation. Based on the competence-based curriculum, the parent in African communities played a significant role in educating their children. For instance, could teach their daughter on how to perform family duties such cooking, fetching firewood cleaning the houses while the father will at the field with their son learning on how to become responsible husband, training them to be good livestock harder and to teach them on how to defend the community against external hostile community tribes. These help the children to grow and develop in a moral environment and to become a very productive individual in a community.
The coming of Christian Missionary had a significant impact on the development of education. The Missionaries established mission school which attracted most African communities. The Africans were taught how to write and read. They were also equipped with elementary education where they taught on carpentry, masonry and agricultural activities for the benefit of the communities and daily lives. The missionaries developed the first school for the African to be trained and equipped with elementary education. The protestant Mission set up a Board of education to direct their educational activities. The board of education presented a scheme of elementary education in Kenya school. The formation of the missionary board of knowledge concerned with Fraser Education commotions and agreed with the missionary the need of government to cooperate with the minister in education. The apostle committed themselves not only to meet the demand of their covert but also resist the attempt to government to monopolize knowledge.
In 1908 Nelson Fraser noted a problem in Africans education where Western education influence was eroding the traditional fabric of society. In his commission, Fraser recommended to the government that the department of education be set up, and director of knowledge to be appointed, for African children emphasis were out on Industrial and Agricultural Education. In contrast, European and Asians children are given an academic type of education. In 1919 education commission noted that the best method of furthering education system among the native was by mean of organization which already existed among the missionary bodies the commission recommended the government to subsidize Mission with the pupil at technical school and content of Africans curriculum to continue on technical school.
In 1924 The Phelp Stroke commission visited Kenya. It made a detailed study of the existing education condition. He recommended that there must be cooperation between government and missionaries, the need educate Africa for his rural development, and use of vernacular that is there be recognized as the first language of social instruction in school, need for more financial support for the education of Africa. The De-La-War commission of 1737 on higher education in East Africa recommended that effort be made to secure recognition of Makerere Diploma Universities.
In 1944 the Advisory committee on education in the colonies issued a White Paper on mass education in African society which was discussed by Advisory Board of Education in Kenya, the proposal in the document was in cooperated in Kenya government policies.
Following the end of world war, 2 in 1945 government views on education in Kenya changed. The Memorandum Education for citizenship was a significant contribution to education policy in Kenya. This document went beyond policy statement made from 1920 to 1945 period by stating literacy and technical skill were not in enough for rapid changes in the world. It says that education must develop a sense of public responsibilities. In 1963 African increasingly demanded more and better secular school ran by their LNC’s such as school will be divorced by missionaries Contro land Supervision and they will perform as well as in the exam.