Reviews and Critiques

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reviews and Critiques

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation

 

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic Violence

The article has successfully managed to talk about children’s exposure to that kind of violence; including its definition, laws, and ways to prevent it from happening. It makes the work look clear, organized and easier for a reader to understand its content. The use of secondary sources helps to improve the validity and reliability of their work.  Children can directly or indirectly suffer from it. They may indirectly suffer from it when trying to save their parents and become injured or when they grow up with parents who practice domestic violence.

Domestic violence among parents mostly involve men handling women inappropriately, especially in Australia. The parents might end up divorcing and start fighting on whom would take the children with them. Either the mother or the father might want to stay with the child. It does not really matter about that, as long as they are willing to support the child. It would otherwise be domestic violence against the child. Many people think that when each parent fights to stay with the parent after a divorce, it becomes a case presentable to the court. It is when they fight about how they would share responsibilities, then they can present their case to a judge. Every state in the country has its protection legislation for children. It is better that way since every local government can focus more on any arising issues and find solutions faster.

These authors talk about support legal services that are available in Australia such as Legal Aid and Women’s Legal Services (Milne and Neil,2018, pg. 19). These services help to handle victims of domestic violence. There are also organizations which have been established to help such victims like the White Ribbon, the ReachOut, and the Domestic Violence Resource Center that have not been mentioned by the writers. It is important for readers to understand these referrals to become aware of the places to go if they are to encounter domestic violence. It can benefit readers who are also experiencing such violence at that moment to trust the mentioned places and be willing to go there for help.

The teacher can introduce lessons with regards to respectful relationships to reduce violence against females. The aim is to enlighten children about gender equality and respect. It would allow both girls and boys to understand acceptable behaviors and roles in relation to their gender and act appropriately. The White Ribbon Organization designed a program called Breaking the Silence through the help of its ambassador. It started within Sydney areas, but has also been developed in other states like Tasmania and Victoria. The program shares strategies, tools, and knowledge to apply domestic violence and respectful relationship education in institutions.

Poverty

The research conducted by the author is comprehensive since they share information regarding a study using mixed methodology, to show students’ perceptions regarding poverty and the strategies that teachers use to inform people about the subject. One’s perception regarding poverty depends on ones social and economic background, and country and race of origin.

Australia is better off since only around eleven percent of children living that country come from poor families, according to statistics by the Australian Council of Social Service. Twenty two percent of children from America come from poverty-stricken families (Johnson, 2016, pg.1). It shows that children from Australia are more likely to be attentive and perform better during classroom sessions unlike those from America, hence high academic achievements. Children growing in such environments also have delayed mental growth. Their general performance is also better when it comes to learning about poverty.

 

The writer comments that there is little knowledge regarding the beliefs of early childhood teachers while working with children from poor families. The comment paves way for scientists, researchers, and organizations like the Australian Council of Social Service to carry out further studies in the future, with regards to the topic. The research would the provide relevant information to preparation programs for teachers; with regards to content, experiences, and topics which could require further coverage or explanation in courses.

The article talks about the use of field experiences, class discussions, readings, and lectures to inform children about poverty. Teachers can educate children about poverty through simulating supportive morals towards humanity. First, it is by continuous demonstration of the value of education, water, and food. For instance, there should not be wastage of food. Teachers can show children how to moderate and save on food by eating leftovers later. Secondly, they can offer opportunities for children to learn that not every individual consumes daily meals. The teacher alongside the school administration, can organize for donation programs to give food to the needy. They can take the opportunity to go with the children to deprived areas to offer the food for them to see that indeed not every person can afford to eat every day.

There should be a diverse selection of the children to take part in the field experience if need be. They should be from different races and ethnic background, some should be disabled, and come from families with different socioeconomic background. Secondary sources from the article reveal that field experiences enable better communication among their peers and adults. The effectiveness of all those strategies start with the teacher. The teacher should have learned how to share information about poverty during his or her training sessions.

Refugee Resettlement

The article is statistical as it indicates the number of refugees moving into the country, even though it is not current. It has used reliable secondary sources like the United Nations High Commission for Refugees and the Australian Human Rights Commission. Australia has been consistently receiving many refugees annually as per past records of between eight to nine years. The refugees are, however, were not initially treated well although Australia is known to be receiving the highest number to refugees for a long time. It is through the establishment of laws and reforms, such as denying the detainment of minor refugees in immigration centers, that there was a decrease in the situation.

The authors talk about the need to have mixed and qualitative method study into the productiveness of intervention and prevention programs for refugees because much pieces of research evaluates programs via quantitative methods (Cameron, Frydenberg, and Jackson, 2011, pg. 48). Such methods are not always easy to translate due to validity and reliability concerns. It paves way for researchers to see the need of analyzing the subject in that perspective. People would have a better understanding on the topic.

Teachers can use different shapes and pictures to demonstrate the definition of refugee resettlement. A person has to apply for a visa in three different ways in order for him or her to resettle in Australia permanently. The first way is the refugee category whereby one is eligible if he is outside the country and subjected to discrimination in his home country. The second way is through the Special Humanitarian Program. The program is similar to the first category although this one indicates that the person has to have been proposed by a permanent Australian citizen. The last way is through support by the community. Australian businesses, organizations, or individuals can help people who want to resettle in Australia. The teacher can use simple English and draw things that are already familiar to the child to explain further. For instance, when talking about support from the community, the tutor can draw houses and indicate them as homes. After that show a person coming in and being invited by the community, in that case houses.

Critique

Poverty, refugee resettlement, and domestic violence are terms which relate with each other. The authors have shown that in different ways. Poverty and domestic violence is related with each other. Johnson talks about poverty raising the chances of being exposed to violence like seeing fights or hearing gunshots in their home area. They experience trauma like troubled sleeping and nightmares. Others have less attention capabilities hence unable to concentrate in class even when the teacher is discussing about poverty and its negative effects. Such children acquire less knowledge and become less intelligent people in the future. They eventually fail to get good jobs to sustain themselves, thus continue living in such conditions.

Poverty also relates directly with refugee resettlement. When one is poor, he cannot financially manage to relocate to another country. He or she has to rely upon the government, nongovernmental organizations, or well wishers. Domestic violence and refugee resettlement are linked together in the sense that an individual may decide to relocate due to experiencing domestic violence in his native home. For instance; when Cameron, Frydenberg, and Jackson mention that young refugees had witnessed abuse, injuries, or death of a family member. Young people and accompanied children are also at a high risk of being abused sexually or exploited.

It is realized that there are governmental laws and regulations against domestic violence such as the Family and Domestic Violence Leave Act of 2018, and laws that protect refugees while resettling in the country like the Migration Act of 1958. Poverty, however, does not have any laws which protect poor people unless abused. If that is the case, then the issue is presented to the judge under the charge of domestic violence.

The three issues revolve around inequality among people. Domestic violence emerges as a result of one person feeling superior than the other, thus ends up fighting or killing him or her to prove the point. A man, for example, might think that it is acceptable to beat a woman for wrongdoing. He feels that he needs to be heard since he is the head of the family but that should not always be the case. He can allow the woman to also speak his mind. The ability to adapt to such behaviors reduces incidences for family violence, therefore, the child is also not exposed directly or indirectly to it. Poverty arises due to inequalities in financial status among people. When one person has more money than the other, then the latter can be referred to as poorer than the former. Poverty revolves around inequality in terms of finances. Refugee resettlement can be linked to poverty, thus also revolves around inequality.

 

References

Cameron, G., Frydenberg, E. & Jackson, A. (2011). Young refugees in Australia: Perspectives from policy, practice and research. Children Australia.

Johnson, A. . A Mixed Methods Study of Early Childhood Preservice Teachers: Beliefs About Poverty, Perceived Learning from Specific Instructional Strategies, and Preparedness to Serve Children and Families in Poverty.

Milne, L., & Neil, R. (2018). Domestic violence and the role of early childhood educators: Understanding court orders and supporting children. Educating Young Children: Learning and Teaching in the Early Childhood Years, 24(3), 18.