Alternative Forms of Evidence
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Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning involves predicting a likelihood of an outcome; it relies on a portion of particular specifications to draw a broad conclusion. Human uses an inductive type of reason in their daily endeavors. Inductive reasoning can be used to identify the cause or meaning of a crime, for instance, the number of bullets in a murder case. Deductive reasoning solely depends on logic. Scientists choose deductive reasoning because it entirely relies on reliable conclusions. Deductive reasoning it does not generalize; it involves a close study of a general matter and draws a proper conclusion. Investigators apply deductive reasoning in deductive profiling; the investigator observes evidence according to his knowledge, experience, and critical thinking (Shinder & Cross, 2018). Others view deductive reasoning as a special kind of talent.
Major Limitations of Crime Reconstruction
Investigators only rely on the remaining evidence to theorize on what might have happened on the scene, which may be inaccurate.
This process is slow, expensive, and cumbersome; it requires many resources.
3 Types of Crime Scene fingerprint
Investigators use fingerprints for identification. There are three distinct types of fingerprints, namely; Latent, plastic, and patent. Latent fingerprint; this type of fingerprint is made from sweat and oil. It is not readily observable with the naked eye; therefore, it requires processing with powder or special chemicals. Patent fingerprint; this type of print is made from dirt, oil, or even ink. A patent fingerprint is easily identified with the naked eye. Plastic fingerprints are visible three-dimensional fingerprints made when one presses the finger against soap, wax, or paint. It is quite visible and does not require select chemicals to make it more visible.
Dusting method of obtaining fingerprints
Investigators use dusting to obtain latent fingerprints. Unique fingerprints powder, such as black granular or aluminum flakes, are applied on smooth surfaces. Marks that appear on the surfaces are then photographed and elevated using a special adhesive tape. Investigators then use the adhesive tape to preserve the prints in a latent lift card. The fingerprint is prone to the contamination that can tamper with the prints; therefore, an investigator should apply super glue on the surface before dusting (Qui et al., 2018).
References
Shinder, D. L., & Cross, M. (2018). Scene of the Cybercrime. Elsevier. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=fJVcgl8IJs4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Shinder,+D.+L.,+%26+Cross,+M.+(2008).+Scene+of+the+Cybercrime.+Elsevier.&ots=eAxtvbPAk2&sig=FCH-3n3C9kwYTMD66UoA6qsvRrk.
Qiu, Z., Hao, B., Gu, X., Wang, Z., Xie, N., Lam, J. W. & Tang, B. Z. (2018). A general powder dusting method for latent fingerprint development based on AIEgens. Science China Chemistry, 61(8), 966-970. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11426-018-9280-1.