Architecture and the industrial
Lecture 1.2
The industrial revolution of 18 C began in Great Britain. The geographical location and availability of natural resources in other territories made it easier for the country to advance (Allen, 2011). The availability of affordable means of transport, water transport, enhanced the exchange of goods with other territories. The industrial revolution later spread to other European countries and the Americas. The industrial revolution led to the emergence of cities. Initially, people lived in rural areas. The rise of industries led to the need for labor. Rural-urban migration emerged. This led to the growth of the small cities as the population flocked in one area. This was the case in Manchester.
Architecture and the industrial revolution had mutual benefits. For instance, sue to the mass production of steel, iron lattice made it easier to construct taller buildings. The building material was readily available. These materials substituted the heavy metals initially used, such as wood, brick, etc. They also made the foundations firm, for instance, the Notre Dame du Haut in France. The advance in architecture led to the development of cities that have been associated with the industrial revolution.
Lecture 1.3
Architects have pursued originality by rejecting the beaux-arts and neoclassical styles that were used in previous centuries. Initially, buildings were constructed based on different beliefs, such as religion and community beliefs. In the 20th century, buildings were built in response to the climate. The focus was on the comfortability and attractiveness (Bigaj, 2018) rather than the underlying beliefs. Though the architects have focused on modern architecture, past architectural works play a crucial role in contemporary architects. For instance, the symbols that were associated with religious buildings still prevail. The symbols include the cross for churches. Temple’s design is still used in the case of Nimes – Maison Carree that has also been emulated in the design. The cultural beliefs that were used in designing houses still prevail.
Reference
Allen, R. C. (2011). Why the industrial revolution was British: commerce, induced invention, and the scientific revolution 1. The Economic History Review, 64(2), 357-384.
Bigaj, P. (2018). On the creative path towards architectural originality–rationalist motivations or intuitive search for attractiveness in contemporary architecture?.