Cellular Respiration
Digestion refers to the process by which food is broken down into smaller particles, which can be absorbed by blood for easy transportation. Through the process of cellular respiration, food is converted into energy. In this process, respiration, glucose is converted to water, and co2 and ATP is released during this reaction. cellular respiration takes place in four stages
Glycolysis; is the process of breaking down glucose. During this process, two molecules of pyruvate, ATP, water, and NADH, are released.
Pyruvate oxidation; in this step, the pyruvate generated from glycolysis gets into the mitochondrial matrix where they are broken into a two-carbon molecule called acetyl CoA. In this stage, NADH is produced while carbon dioxide is released.
The Citric acid cycle. This is also known as the Krebs cycle. The two-carbon molecule formed made during Pyruvate oxidation syndicates with four carbon molecules. They go through various reactions to regenerate the four-carbon –starting- unit. The following compounds are produced; ATP, FADH2, and NADH. The byproduct released in this stage is carbon dioxide.
Electron transport chain; the NADH and FADH2 deposits their electrons into the electron- transport- chain. When the electrons are moving, energy is generated, which pushes push protons. Protons flow and use an enzyme called ATP synthase, which makes an ATP. At the end of the cycle, water if formed because oxygen attracts electrons that accepts protons.
Electron transport chain
The electron transport chain is the last stage of cellular respiration. The metabolism of glucose uses oxygen from the environment. The oxygen diffuses into the plants or in animals and gets into the body via the respiratory system. Transportation of oxygen involves redox reactions where electrons are transported to different components. Water is generated when particles are reduced to molecular oxygen. All electron transport chains have the protons, which creates a proton- gradient across the membrane.
The amazing process of Photosynthesis.
The process through which plants make their food using light energy is referred to as Photosynthesis. The role of the roots is to support the plant.
The roots absorb water from soils, and through the stem, water is conveyed to different parts of the plant. The stem supports the leaves. Leaves are a crucial part of the plant as Photosynthesis takes place there. The leaves trap maximum energy from the sunlight, which is essential for Photosynthesis. Leaves have flat lamina, which increases the surface area for sunlight absorption. The leaves have irregular cells known as chloroplasts, which contain green color referred to as chlorophyll, which helps to trap sunlight energy from the atmosphere. The leaves also contain loosely packed cells with large airspaces, which facilitates the transportation of water. There is a tiny pole in leaves called stomata. The stomata are surrounded by guard cells that regulate their opening and closing of stomas. Leaves absorb carbon iv oxide from the atmosphere, and it enters to chlorophyll-containing cells. Co2 and water molecules are absorbed by chloroplast. The chloroplast also traps sunlight energy, which is used to synthesis glucose and oxygen from water and coz. The glucose is transported to other parts of the plant for growth, while oxygen diffuses out through stomata.
Comparing Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration ensure that living organisms have acquired materials that are needed. Both processes consume and generate similar products like water, glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide through different methods.
The process by which green plants manufacture their food is known as Photosynthesis. This process involves the conversion of light energy to chemical energy. They use the green pigment to form glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplast cells. All living things utilize food manufactured either directly or indirectly. The process through which living things convert glucose and oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide is referred to as cellular respiration, and it generates energy. This process doesn’t utilize sunlight energy, and it takes place in mitochondria cells. The photosynthesis process requires energy to manufacture food while cellular respiration breaks down food to generate energy. Plant carry out respiration, and Photosynthesis and animals perform respiration only.
Photosynthesis Light reaction, Calvin cycle, Electron Transport
the byproduct of Photosynthesis is oxygen. Sun provides light energy, which is used during Photosynthesis. The chemical reaction of Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. Photosynthesis occurs in two significant results, which are the light-dependent and Calvin cycle reaction. Calvin cycle synthesis glucose, and it takes place in the stroma while the light-dependent takes place in thylakoid. This is where light energy is transformed into chemical energy .in this step, the electrons are energized from the reaction from carbohydrates from molecules of carbon dioxide. The energy released from light depended reactions are used to synthesis sugar in the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle has significant stages. Firstly, it involves the use of light energy to generate ATP and NADPH, while the second stage consists of the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into glucose.
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