Child development and infancy.
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Introduction.
The development of an infant begins at birth, where the children grow faster and learn a lot.
0-3 months.
Social and emotional development
The social development stage is a very critical stage of the development of a baby. At this stage, the baby cries a lot and wants attention; it may be because they are sleepy, full diapers, angry, or want to cry. This stage is also described through certain actions where the baby learns to cuddle with caregivers and get attached to them.
Physical and cognitive development.
Makes movements like sucking, moves legs and arms uncontrollably.
They become sensitive, and they learn new things by sound, smell, feel and sight. The movements increase to help the brain and memory (Levine & Munsch, 2018).
3-4 months.
Social and emotional development.
Smiles most of the time; they are very playful and like to play with people so much. Responds to love and affection and cries in a more different way when they are hungry, sleepy, or want to be changed. They may even imitate facial expressions and follow different movements by their eyes.
Physical and cognitive development.
It follows an object or light from one side up to the middle but does not turn all around. Attention is paid to watching and recognizing familiar faces and objects at a distance. They can use their hands and eyes to reach for what they want even though they cannot reach the objects.
5-7 months
Social and emotional development.
At this stage, a child can recognize strangers and react to them by refusing to be held by the strangers. The attachment to the caregivers is so strong that they would not want anyone else. They start using sounds to express happiness, anger, or sadness.
Physical and cognitive development.
A child can roll from back to tummy at this child and cannot be left on their own on top of a bed or chair. They can sit upright without any support. He reaches to grab objects and is very curious in knowing what they are and what they contain. Puts things in the mouth, responds to conversations by making sounds and turns when they hear their names.
age 8 months-1 year
Social and emotional development
Starts having stranger anxiety and fear certain things that they think are dangerous. They respond to their names and uses gestures and sounds to get attention. They also start pronouncing words like certain food they would want to eat, among others (Bornstein & Lamb, 2013).
Physical and cognitive development.
Holds furniture and hands while walking, can stand alone, and take a few steps alone. Focusses on direction, starts to throw things, and understands what is right or wrong when warned about doing something wrong.
This is the developmental stage where children need a lot of attention from the caregivers. They would cry a lot, even for no apparent reasons. They will get attached to the caregivers, especially those who are not there and would not even want to be carried by anyone else. Many activities occur during this period, and they grow very fast due to getting enough sleep, feeding well, and simply getting the attention they deserve.
Knowledge about these stages is very vital, especially to the caregivers, because they are the ones who spent a lot of time with the children. As a profession in the same, you will be able to offer the needed attention and the right advice to the caregivers to enable them to provide the required care to the children. What happens to the life of a child during development determines the overall cognitive abilities in the future of the child when they grow up (Gutman & Feinstein, 2010). This will also make the caregivers and professionals aware of what happens in the life of a baby and not worry about the changes that might arise without causing alarm.
References.
Bornstein, M. H., Arterberry, M. E., & Lamb, M. E. (2013). Development in infancy: A contemporary introduction. Psychology Press.
Gutman, L. M., & Feinstein, L. (2010). Parenting behaviors and children’s development from infancy to early childhood: Changes, continuities, and contributions. Early Child Development and Care, 180(4), 535-556.
Levine, L. E., & Munsch, J. (2018). Child development from infancy to adolescence: An active learning approach. Sage Publications.