Differentiate between the causes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Focus on the production of insulin and the binding of insulin to receptors on body cells.
In type1 diabetes, the body’s immune system is
accountable for fighting foreign intruders like bacteria and viruses. People
with type 1 diabetes the immune structure confuse the body’s healthy cells with
the foreign intruders. The immune system fights and damages the insulin
secreting beta cells in the pancreas (Attitudes, 2016). As a result, the body
is not able to produce insulin anymore. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand,
occurs due to resistance to insulin. A person produces insulin but the body
does not use it efficiently.
Describe the
diabetes data (statistics) trends located on the CDC website. Include age (adult and child), gender, location
(state), and ethnicity.
According to the CDC website, 34.2 million citizens
in the U.S have diabetes whereby 26.9 million are diagnosed and 7.3 million
individuals with diabetes are yet to be diagnosed (Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, 2019). Besides a total of 88 million grownups that are 18 years
of age have pre-diabetes while 24.4 million adults of age 65 years have
pre-diabetes (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). The incidence
of grownups diagnosed with diabetes in the U.S has reduced since 2008. In the
year 2015 around 1.4 million diabetes cases were diagnosed for people aged 18
and 79 years (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019).
Read the CDC Diabetes Report Card 2017. Describe the obesity data (statistics) trends
located in the link below. Include age (adult and child), gender, location
(state), and ethnicity.
The occurrence of diabetes including novel cases
among grownups persists in elevating. According to research, around 30 million
individuals had diabetes in 2015. This comprised of people older than 18 years.
Among these adults around 7.2million had no knowledge that they suffered from
diabetes hence they did not report. People from certain racial and ethnic
groups are like most probably to be diagnosed with diabetes than non-Hispanic
whites.
Among the grownups, American Indians have elevated
rates of being treated with diabetes among any other racial groups. This is
evident from the year 2013 and 2015 because according to the statistics, 15.1%
of American Indians were diagnosed, 8.0% Asians had diabetes also, 12.1%
Hispanic were seen to be diabetic as well, 12.7% were black non-Hispanic and
only 7.4% white non-Hispanic was diagnosed with diabetes (Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 2017). In the same year, adults aged 18 and above were
tested and 7.2% were those with a more than high school education, 9.5% were
from high school and 12.6% were adults with less than high school education
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017).
Describe the
relationship between increased obesity and the increased chance of developing
type 2 diabetes in both adults and children
According to the data illustrated above, the
prevalence of obesity is higher in women than in men and greater in non-Hispanic
black compared with other Hispanic groups. The youths have no difference in the
prevalence of obesity between males and females apart from non-Hispanic Asian
youths (Ogden, et al 2015). There is a relationship between increased obesity
and increased chances of developing type 2 diabetes because adults, as well as
children who are obese, can develop insulin resistance. For people with
obesity, cells of fat tissues have t process more nutrients than they are able.
This makes the cells stressful thus triggering an inflammation that secretes
cytokines which is a protein. These proteins chunk the indications of insulin
thus making the cells resist insulin. Insulin releases glucose for body energy
and when the resistance occurs the human body does not change glucose into
energy thus leading to high levels of blood glucose.