Discussions prompt #1
Research Questions:
- How do postmortem depression screening frequencies help in determining the rates of referrals among new mothers?
- How does the use of obstetrics and gynecology opioid prescribing guidelines help in reducing postpartum opioid prescriptions?
The goal of the study: Reduce the effects on child development; improve early detection as well as promoting maternal recovery
Research Hypotheses
- The rate of referrals among new mothers increases with increase in postmortem depression screening
- Postpartum opioid prescriptions decrease by the use of obstetrics and gynecology opioid prescribing guidelines
Dependent Variables
Rate of referral among new mothers, postpartum opioid prescriptions
Independent Variables:
Postmortem depression screening, use of obstetrics and gynecology opioid prescribing guidelines
The statistical test was chosen:
Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA
Discussion Prompt #2
Weblink: https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jog.14064
Research Question: Does maternal postpartum depression affect children’s developmental outcomes?
Hypothesis: Maternal postpartum depression decreases children developmental outcomes
The study aimed: Examining whether maternal PPD affects children’s physical, neuromotor, language, and general cognitive development.
Independent variables: Maternal postpartum depression
Dependent variables: Children developmental outcomes
Statistical Test: An electronic search using PubMed to select case-control and cohort studies that addressed maternal depression, depressive episodes, or depressive symptoms among postpartum (within 6 months) women (Aoyagi & Tsuchiya, 2019).
Findings: According to Aoyagi & Tsuchiya, 2019, the methodological problems of prior studies indicate that their findings must be interpreted with caution. Insufficient and or inconsistent evidence has supported associations between maternal PPD and children’s developmental trajectories.
Implications of the findings: According to Aoyagi & Tsuchiya, 2019, several studies have investigated the longstanding effects of maternal PPD on children’s physical and neurodevelopment, no conclusive evidence has elucidated a relationship between maternal PPD and all four domains of child development – physical, neuromotor, language and general cognition.
Reference
Aoyagi, S. S., & Tsuchiya, K. J. (2019). Does maternal postpartum depression affect children’s developmental outcomes?. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 45(9), 1809-1820.
Week 5 Discussion (HRS Class)
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lack to fulfill the medical code of ethics as provided by American Public Health Agency. All the principles of ethics which include respect for autonomy, justice, and beneficence need to be applied by caregivers in all instances despite the race (Kim, 2012). Additionally, these aims at protecting human which is prompted by medical organizations as well as government agencies by providing guidelines. Both Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Nuremberg Trials define events in an attempt to safeguard human research. On the other hand, the Institutional Review Board (IRB) is established to protect the welfare and rights of human research subjects to participate in all research activities (Kim, 2012). Therefore the growing necessity of ethics in clinics is the major concern for the raise of controversial issues in the formation of IRB. However, a debate is expected by the researcher and the physician in an attempt to determine the ethical issues that affect as intended by IRB. Additionally, in clinical studies research ethics is an essential part of protecting the participant practice. It is an expectation that the creation of the Nuremberg Code and the U.S. Public Health Service Syphilis Study at Tuskegee influenced the role of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) in the study design process challenging issues will be resolved through a consensus in the future.
Reference
Kim, W. O. (2012). Institutional review board (IRB) and ethical issues in clinical research. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 62(1), 3.