Effects of music on cognitive functioning
Introduction
Cognitive functioning involves numerous mental processes in an animal. The functions include reasoning, learning, working out some problems, paying attention. Remembering is also the role of cognitive functioning. Body functioning of a human being is specialized with more cognitive skills. The cognitive skills are: sustained attention, pattern recognition, working memory, multiple simultaneous attention, processing the speed of information, and responses to inhibition. The process involves centralization of all the IQ functions under one command station. According to different scholars, music can change the psychological condition of an individual and also the mood. Listening to music has facilitated cognitive function that contributes to a healthy body. The approach can be used to treats patients with cardiac rehabilitation. Also, music has also been applied in mindfulness approach to regulate the level of anxiety.
According to the research held on the 1970s, the application of mindfulness approach can be well being seen in the music therapy process. The study tries to explain if by any chance, a mindful music on the body identity may lower the symptoms of anxiety and raise the awareness of mindful of the adults. According to the research that took place in Tallahassee and Florida, a sample of twenty aged adults took part in the research. A total of ten adults were placed in a room to receive the live music in collaboration of body scan experiment for one week in two tests. The other remaining groups were still under the wait-list control group. Gender distribution of the research had eighteen female and only two male. The results were given as The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were illustrated as pre- and post-test to the two groups of research. The result shows that there was a significant decline on the BAI score based on both groups. The negative changes according to the research provide the use of mindful-based as method of listening to music. Through participating to the research the adults reduces anxiety among them. The method of control experiment in the research was the willingness of the adult to participate in the research and thus reduces anxiety amongst them. The research has to consider large sample size. Long term education of the mindfulness may help to regulate the level of anxiety.
Cognitive impacts occur when a individual has problems o recalling, learning of new ideas, personal concentration, and decision making process that will have a negative effects on the daily life experience. the signs of cognitive failures are confusion, poor motor coordination among the individual, short term or long term memory are lost, individual identity confusion, and impaired judgment.
Music Therapy In Relation To Older Adult
Study shows that eleven percentage of student admire to work with the adult population in the music therapy. According to the report of American music therapy association member survey, approximately nine percentage of the recent work of music therapists are prefer by the elderly. The information of different music therapist used to reduce anxiety, are of importance to the learners who venture into realm. Student learning encourages share of knowledge with the existing board of certified music therapist in their respective field. According to the research conducted on 2004, the samples were old adult female. The result is that the act of listening to music gave a positive change in energy levels and gave a reduced calmness levels. In that research, silence as a condition was used for control experiment.
Another research was by the music therapy pilot study; try to relate music listening and relaxation techniques. samples used were old adults. The study focus on determining the intervention’s effectiveness associated with declining depressive symptoms in old adults. And the result was standardized of the measures as from pre- to post-test, but the individual samples tested gave different results of the music, imagery and the relaxation method. The inference according to the research is that, small groups music therapy reduces symptoms of depressions on the old adults suffering from dementia.
The study conducted in 1999, highlights the importance of increased relaxation, ability to understand your emotions, and the problem solving is determined by the old adults receiving a specific type of music. The specified type of music and relaxation is called the Guided Imagery and Relaxation.
Mindfulness-Based Music Therapy
According to the proposal conducted by, gives the reason that music listening could be a tool to regulators for a patient with depressive symptoms. Music listening and mindfulness techniques make the work easier of their relation and simplify the ability to have a notice, identify, distinguish and control of individuals emotions. In the discussion of the relationship between music listening and mindfulness express the students as the dependent variables in study. The independent variables in this research are the whole expectation about listening to music and mindfulness state. Induced mindfulness strengthen the participant to pay attention I the process of listening to music. The student benefits after involving him/herself in mindfulness activity.
Another article published in 2010 express how clinical psychologist would go for music therapy in collaboration to mindfulness-based approaches as for the purpose of advantageous methods of eliminating worry. The author of the article prefers music listening as the most effective, convenient and a desirable ways of fulfilling of a well mindful functioning. Listening to music while studying gives the student to focus as from the background destruction that looks familiar to them hence creates adaptive characteristics.
Objectives of most study
The current research try to identify anxiety symptoms can be discovered through mindfulness-based music listening. The recent research express hoe live music is more significant as compared to recorded music by, as an example, old adults that live in a depressed environment, are faced with more stressors as compared to a person living in comfort home-based facilities. Thus, by using mindfulness approach it shows that an individual maintained self-management of the stress and thus was seen as the best approach to be used by the ever-growing population. The study works on answering the key objectives question of how the approach of mindful music listening determine the rate of anxiety as in relations to the t? Also, answer the question of the effects of mindful music listening on the participant’s overall mindset?
The first question research express that there is decrease in anxiety and inclining mindful education to the adults living in assisted facility. The outcome of the research show that mindfulness-based music listening condition does not give a clear differences to why there a decline in the rate of anxiety. The results of the previous research express how live music approach have a positive effects in reducing anxiety as compared to the wait-list control condition. The research also prove that there is no difference in the result score of either experimental or wait-list control condition on the MAAS, which can be the best indicator of mindful awareness. Other scholars prefer silence than listening to music. The scenario is elaborated with respect to old music. Inducing stress is the real function of old music. Listening to the wrong music can lead to rising unhelpful mental states. Music is associated as the key to negative emotions.
Listening to music with low tempo slowly enable chording progressions thus an individual become calm. Music listening perform the function of activating different parts of the brain. Listening to specified music may alter the way an individual need to boost his/her mental and emotional conditions.
Most of the research shows how old adults’ mood can be improved by the act of listening to music. Innes study focus on the advantages of listening to music as compared to the art of meditation. Both meditation and listening to music are the key element in improving the quality of the old adults’ mood and sleep.
The final results explain that there were no effects on either the anxiety symptoms or old adults’ mindfulness-based education. The results express that mindfulness-based body scan have basic. The inference from the results expresses that three out of ten participants in the research had the BAI results of 0 or 1. Also infer that none of the participant in the research had a score of 0 to 1. There is a significant difference among the groups in the research. A comparison may be made if the research was to consider the larger sample of the group, as they would have bring the significant. According to the results, the research conducted bring difference outcome as compared to time of experiment. The research highlight that mindful techniques may be used to manages individual’s unwanted personal-psychological symptoms. Also, the result expresses the advantages of longer periods as they regulate and limit the increase of anxiety for a long period of time. The uses of large samples are relevant in obtaining the conclusion of the experiment. And by using the specific sample in the research may not provide sufficient evidence in the study of mindfulness intervention.
The articles answer the question of if the music can improve the cognitive function, and this relates in a way that music can help to regulate anxiety, blood pressure, as well as improve individual quality of sleep. The individual mood, mental alertness, and memory may be of significant if only an individual practice to listen to the music.
The brain music-connection
According to John Hopkins scholars, they were investing how many of the jazz music lovers and singers may improve the quality of the music while lying down inside an fMRI to investigate the specific partition of their brain that lights up. The brain always works on the computation of the music for long-lasting results of hearing the sense out of the music. Thus music entails structural, mathematical, and architectural process in individuals mind.
Music can be used to boost individual brain on a daily basic. The research shows that introduction of new music challenges the brain functioning as compared to the old music. The unfamiliarity processes of the new music enable the brain to struggle and get used to the new music. Music helps an individual to recall the long time memory. The process is achieved through listening to a familiar music which specifically brings the same time frame of the events makes an individual to remember the long-ago memory. Music does allow an individual to focus on his/her body. The body has different ways of reacting to different music. Thus express that music is receive by different individuals and interpreted differently. The research shows that the music that entertains one individual may destruct another individuals mind.
Music is specified to activate the Neurochemical systems and all the structural brain which perform the task of regulating individuals’ mood, emotion, and paying attention. For these functions, memory is regulated in processes that have beneficial changes in the individuals. The hypothesis that an individual can listen to music and at the same time doing exercise is harder. This explain how listening to calm music will help you to unwind the memory, but only listening but if accompanied by any forms of destructions it will not work.
The true influence of music on human health is basically achieved through the section of music therapy. The main objective of the music therapy is to enhance positive changes in patients’ results. The arts of music therapy focus on reconnecting the patients with the missing pieces of themselves by using musical therapist. Music therapist occurs in different ways: guided imagery in music and happens in the situation when the professional music therapists assist the patients to recover the lost memories by the act of listening to music. The art of sharing the music between the patient and the professional musical therapist encourages the patient to have the real picture of the therapist understanding his/her problems. There are other useful forms of musical therapist that are used in treating different patients. These forms are participating in singing, playing instruments together. Different individual approach on music gives the therapist the idea of how he/ she can handle our problems. These can be express if a patient play the drum only through one tone which is perceived that the patient problems is mot all rigid and the patient is flexible in other sides of life. Music provides a way through defeating our rational side and enables us to solve our emotional system that we keep on hiding. Different patients run for different types of music whenever they are faced with either emotional or mental problem.
Listening to music and being affected by the distraction can be a good test to ensure that cognitive body functioning of the patient memory. For example an individual talking a different hard test and the same time listening to music may reduce the individual memory function. The capacity for the working memory to concentrate on the two activities will not be enough.
Conclusion
From the above analysis, music play an important role in mental healthcare system. Through music therapy, mental and emotional problems are being solved. The process of musical therapist employed by different music therapist is modified to enhance the relationship between the patients and the professional. Music listening enhance the body cognitive response. Music listening can be seen as the best approach by the therapist to enable research on the mental health of a given population.