Ethical Egoism.
Ethical egoism claims that one ought to morally perform some actions if only they maximize one’s self-interest. It tells us that morality is all about making oneself better off, which is the primary moral duty. It tells us about what we are morally required and forbidden to do. If egoism is right, we have no direct responsibilities to help others such that we can steal from them, kill them or even framing them for crimes we have committed to maximizing our self-interest. Egoism completely denies the moral significance of others. Ethical egoism violates the core moral beliefs since it allows us to ignore the vital interests of others.
It is important to do as morality requires us to do because morality always advises us to protect our interests. Ethical egoism cannot be true because it requires an individual to do immoral acts, such as killing others to maximize self-interest. Some duties need to be pursued regardless of whether they produce again or not to self or others. People should look at others’ interests when doing some actions to safeguard their well-being and that of others.
Virtue Ethics
Virtue ethics is an act that is morally upright because it is one that a virtuous person acting in character would do in that situation. According to virtue ethics, actions are right because they would be done the same way by a person of true virtue and not because they follow the fast hand rule or their results. The ultimate standard of virtue ethics is doing what the virtuous person would do. Virtue ethics considers moral understanding as a species of practical wisdom that is more than just knowing facts. Additionally, virtue ethics ban be gained believe that moral knowledge can be acquired through training, experience and practice. Lack of wisdom will make the traits occasionally lead an individual to inappropriate actions.
Virtue ethics allows us to have a wide range of moral rules such that we can do what is honest, do just to others, be temperate, avoid laziness, and refrain from infidelity. Virtues are not inborn, and they take time to be acquired and needs the right teachers and environment. Upbringing plays a crucial role in determining whether a person will be virtuous, where caring parents and teachers can guide children on the right path of virtue. Therefore virtue ethics enables individuals to have a standard way of doing things, which brings an understanding.