Just-In-Time production systems
- The JIT production system has become of the most widely used approaches in manufacturing organizations. The system is cost-effective and increases the savings of the organization. The companies incapable of affording massive raw materials or inventory can use this system of production. This, in turn, enhances the productivity and overall quality of the produced material or final product. Research has been conducted to understand its effectiveness in an Automated Guided Vehicle system (AGVs). In this method, the approach of the heuristic algorithm is used. Further research on the implementation of JIT systems on AGVs suggests that the inventory costs of a firm reduce, and the customer satisfaction increases.
Variables such as pickup time, delivery mode, pickup mode, and delivery time are considered in the AGV model. The purpose is to find a route in the network in case of a pickup node so that the destination node can be reached using delivery time and pickup time. Moreover, the heuristic algorithm has been used for calculating the best possible route and solves the integer programming problem. The AVG model has been proposed and applied across organizations so that transport-related applications can be resolved. Hence, in the case of the auto transport mechanism, the JIT system can be useful.
Process Costing
- In cost management, the process costing method can be used for analyzing the various industry-related processes. A manager can be accountable for process performance. Within the ever-changing business environment, it is vital to involve managers who understand the significance of process costing. The paper consists of an investigation of the process management technique and the ways in which businesses address issues related to process management. Existing research highlights that process within a business can convert inputs into helpful outputs. A business process can have an impact on the functions and departments of a business.
The manager and the owner must maintain the communication process so that timely improvements within the business can occur. The purpose is to enhance the efficiency of the business as well. A process owner within an organization is supposed to reduce additional process-related costs. The company’s profit depends upon the maximization of margin. In cost accounting, efficient concepts, and production-related technologies such as quality controls, superior management, effective processes ultimately lead to production superiority. Further review claims that one of the widely used accounting techniques is the ABC or Activity Based Costing. These tools can be effective for a manager to enhance the decision-making process.
Job Order Costing
- The method by which businesses can make more profits is referred to as job order costing. Using the method, profit calculation becomes easier, and the management can predict the degree of profitability. The management is aware of the jobs that bring higher profits and help businesses achieve success. The technique is useful for evaluating the overall performance of employees during the job. In this paper, research has been conducted to investigate the system and its application in a business. A review of scholarly literature suggests that students might face issues while comprehending the operations related to manufacturing. Hence, a learning strategy and knowledgeable approach would make the learning process easier for students.
Active learning among students can be ensured when they can experience the actual process of manufacturing. The teacher must point out the difference between the two types of materials (direct and indirect). The interest of students will increase if they can have fun during the learning process. Inside the classroom, learning materials provided to students should be engaging. The concepts associated with job order costing are vital to understand within a practical setting. Ways in which concepts such as marketing costs, accuracy, and cost control are related should be explored.
Article Research Paper
- In this paper, research related to the impact of quality decision-making in an organization has been conducted. Within an organization, managers make decisions to enhance the operations of an organization. The manager is not only responsible for making organization-related decisions but also for shareholders and employee-related decisions. In this paper, Romanian managers have been considered, and ways in which their quality of decision affects the organizational performance have been explored. The behavior of a manager in the production, manufacturing, transportation arenas ultimately affects the overall performance of the firm.
The involvement of team members in the decision-making process also matters. The researchers have conducted a survey on 390 organizations that operate across commerce and transportation industry. The method of decision-making, type of decision-making, and the process of execution have been investigated in the chosen paper. It has been found that managers consider environmental factors, team suggestions, and the organizational culture while making decisions. The type of decisions made is programmed, non-programmed, known, risky, and incomplete as well. It has been concluded that the approach of managers is holistic, and in order to ensure quality decision-making, team members are encouraged to get involved. Following guidelines and ethical practices has been effective as well.