Please make sure your name class/time and date are included in the subject line as well as on the submission.
1.The different perspectives in Psychology described in the introduction of the text and in the individual chapters of the text and that was discussed in the video lectures were originally developed between 1860-1879 to scientifically examine what problem in the acquisition of knowledge about causation in the world described by Science and physics specifically.
The perspective majorly relies on research methods to try and address the problem and create a solution. According to Discovering Psychology, there are various steps that scientists perform to come to a conclusive solution (Zimbardo,2020).
- How do the perspectives developed in psychology address and attempt to solve that problem?
It begins with a question, procedure, sample and variable, methodology, data collection, and critical analysis of the data collected during the experiment (Zimbardo,2020). The researchers thus come to an objective conclusion with a harmonious explanation drawn from physical and scientific investigation.
- How did the application of the scientific method by Psychology as described in chapter 2 of the text and video lecture to this problem in physics contribute to and increase understanding of this problem in science? (what was uncovered?)
According to Dr. Christine Maslach, it is easy to understand problems related to science through scientific methods by psychology (Psychology class notes, 2020). Going to the real-world site helps achieve some level of accuracy through live experiments thus the scientist can disseminate the results to others for knowledge purposes.
- How does the application of the scientific method by Psychology as described in chapter 2 of the text and in video lecture attempt to solve this problem in physics and science? (what was uncovered?)
The scientific method attempts to solve the problem in physics through live experiments to know the cause and necessary preventive measures. For instance, Dr. Maslach discards traditional lab methods and conducts an experiment in the workplace on burnout and fly on the wall (Zimbardo,2020).
- What neurological structures described in chapter 3 and 4 and in “The Behaving Brain”, “The responsive Brain”, the “sensation and perception” and in the “Learning” videos are engaged when studying for a test?
The hypothalamus is majorly used when a student studies for a test. Medical research explains that the brains can receive and translate information (Zimbardo,2020).
- What neurological structures described in chapters 3 and 4 and in “The Behaving Brain”, “The responsive Brain”, the “sensation and perception” and in the “Learning” videos are engaged when taking a test?
The hippocampal region is responsible for storing memories for instance knowledge gained when a student has studied for a test (Zimbardo,2020).
- What mental processes described in chapter 6-9 and in “The Behaving Brain”, “The responsive Brain”, the “sensation and perception” and in the “Learning” videos are engaged when studying for a test?
The optical processes initiate the studying of students. Rods and cones connect to the cells thus the optic nerves of millions of fibers. Information read during a study flows to two major regions in the brain such as the cortex (Zimbardo,2020).
- What mental processes described in chapter 6-9 and in “The Behaving Brain”, “The responsive Brain”, the “sensation and perception” and in the “Learning” videos are engaged when taking a test?
The mental process begins from the hippocampus within the brain capturing information from the paper and decoding it. The cerebral cortex acts as a memory database in every mental step (Zimbardo,2020). There is a neurotransmitter named as acetylcholine that transmits the required nerve impulses potent for remembering information.
- How does the information in chapter 5 of the text, the “learning” video, and in the video lectures related to the Classical Conditioning learning theory related to studying for and performing well on a test?
Classical conditioning learning pairs neutral stimulus to the potent stimulus to come up with behavior. The theory helps a student to relate models to the actual features during the study and to perform excellently in a test (Zimbardo,2020).
- How does the information in chapter 5 of the text, the “learning” video, and in the video lectures related to the Instrumental/Operant Conditioning learning theory related to studying for and performing well on a test?
Operant conditioning learning enables the student to know that for every action, there is an aftermath. For instance, the student performs well or study effectively when he or she expects a reward or a punishment in case of failure (Zimbardo,2020).
- What is the primary topic of study in chapters 11-12?
Chapter 11 explains the process of judgment and making a decision. Following the information that the mind can recall or imagine, different people have a different sense of justice (Zimbardo,2020). Chapter 12 majors on motivation and emotional processes. It expounds on how action and motivation result to a specific behavior.
- What neurological system described in chapter 3 and video lectures is responsible for the primary topic of study in chapter 11-12?
Chapter 3, the limbic system about basal forebrain is responsible for the emotion and judgment in chapter 12 and 11. The deep cerebral nuclei also aid in the ability to remember and make decisions from what the brain can retrieve (Zimbardo,2020).
- What concept described in chapter 5 of the text, the “learning” video, and the video lectures related to Classical and Instrumental/Operant Conditioning learning theories relates to the primary topic of study in chapters 11-12.
Classical conditioning learning connects potent to neutral stimulus while operant conditioning defines the ability of a student to adopt behavior depending on its consequences. Instrumental learning such as the issue of rewards to boost the person’s zeal to study relates to chapters 11-12 when he or she gets motivated to work hard. The student is thus pessimistic (Zimbardo,2020).
- What are the dominant interpretations of the variation observed in human behavior and mental processes discussed in chapter 5 and video lectures?
Chapter 5 discusses the cognitive and behavioral development of a child. The dominant behavioral observation is the ability to distinguish between languages and the use of symbols as well as pictures (Zimbardo,2020).
- What are the dominant interpretations of the variation observed in human personality discussed in chapter 13 and video lectures?
Chapter 13 discusses human personality depending on how the mind works when it is either awake or asleep. According to scientific research, the electroencephalograph technology can trace the brain waves during periods of sleep(Zimbardo,2020).
- What are the dominant interpretations for pathologies observed in human personality discussed in chapter 15 and video lectures?
Chapter 15 interprets the self-identity and determinant of one’s origin. According to Dr. Bandura, how we view ourselves determines our personality and our attitudes define our capabilities to handle situations (Zimbardo,2020).
- What variable in an experiment does the central theme of chapter 16 refer to?
Chapter 16 centralizes cultural beliefs, potential biases testing, and psychological assessment in an experiment. Linguistics, logical mathematics, musical intelligence spatial intelligence, and bodily-kinesthetic intelligence can anciently be measured using intelligence quotient (Zimbardo,2020).
- What variables should occur with the successful application of the treatments described in chapter 15?
In chapter 15, better self-identity and self-efficacy are the variables needed for a successful application of treatments. In Dr. Bandura’s experiment with two individuals, it is evident that the second subjects are optimistic and consider his mistakes as part of the learning process (Zimbardo,2020).
- What intervening events does the occurrence of the variables in chapter 15 infer the occurrence of?
The intervening events according to the experiment in chapter 15 include poor performance and low efficacy. The events are due to the inability of an individual to upholds his self-identity and another essential social determinant of self-motivation such as a change in one’s culture (Zimbardo,2020).
- Please describe the state of the student on day 1 and the last day of a class.
First day: The student shows low behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Psychology influence day to day learning activities of student and the conditions change with time. On the first day of class, s student tends to shy away from fellow learners, participate less in the class activities, and have low cognitive(mindqa.ws, 2020).
Last day. The student has low behaviorism, best human personality, high cognitivism, and constructivism. The observation suggests that with time, student response to his or her normal environment tends to create a specific behavior depending on classical conditioning and operant conditioning of learning (mindqa.ws, 2020).
- Please describe similarities and differences between the state of the student on day 1 and the last day of a class.
The similarities include behaviorism, response, and perception in the first and last day of the class (mindqa.ws, 2020). However, there are differences in cognitive abilities and constructivism. The student tends to respond to challenges effectively due to knowledge and memory.
- What causes that similarity?
Similarities are due to the neurological response and condition of the classroom. The student’s response and perception of his environment are constant and this is due to biological psychology(mindqa.ws, 2020).
- What causes that difference?
Differences are due to time. The difference in time between the first and last days of class defines the student’s language development and growth cognitivism and constructivism(mindqa.ws, 2020).
- How does information described in chapter 6 relate to the answers to number 20-23?
Chapter 6 centers on the language development of children and brain predisposition offshoots. Question 20-23 nonetheless, demonstrates the child’s growth concerning language from the first and last day (Zimbardo, 2020).
- How does information described in chapters 5 and 10 relate to the answers to number 20-23?
Chapter 5 relates to questions 20-23 in that they both explain the development of a child. The first to last day of a class demonstrates some level of growth in the cognitive, behavioral, and perception of the student (Zimbardo, 2020).
- How does information described in chapter 11-12 relate to the answers to number 20-23?
Chapters 11-12 related to questions 20-23 in judgment and decision making as well as motivation. The student makes decisions according to what his mind can relate and retrieved. Chapter 12 however, elaborates on how motivation influences the student’s behavior in class from the first to the last day (Zimbardo, 2020).
- What component of the epistemological model discussed in class, text, video lecture differs at the beginning and end of a class concerning the reading of the text?
The reading on the texts relates to truth, justification, and belief in the first and last day of the class. At the beginning of the class, the student is incapable of distinguishing between truth and belief due to a lack of knowledge. Later on, the student learns the art of disambiguation to insinuate that he can make a justified statement (Physiology Class notes, 2020).
- What component of the epistemological model discussed in class, text, video lecture differs at the beginning and end of a class concerning answering these questions?
Concerning the response to these questions, knowledge centers truth and beliefs from the class texts and video. There is truth excerpted from the reading and its proper citation to justify the claim (Physiology Class notes, 2020).
29.Please list in order of engagement the specific processes discussed in text, class, and video that enable your answer to number 27:
Perception
Citation
Analysis
Justification
Conclusion
30.Please list in order of engagement the specific processes discussed in text, class, and video that enable your answer to number 28:
Perception
The argumentation of the knowledge
Analysis of the knowledge
Justification of the knowledge
Conclusion through the decision making
- Based on your answers to number 27-30, how would you expect to perform in the next hypothetical psychology class you enroll in?
In the next hypothetical physiology class, I expect to perform better than the current. It is because I have developed cognitive skills to respond to questions. I have gained knowledge of physiological processes and can make objective conclusions through a series of analysis and references.
- How does the information in chapters 5, 8 and 11 inform your answer to number 31
Chapters 5,8, and 11 discuss processes that a child undergoes to develop, learn, and make a judgment. About answering question 31, the information guides me to know why I make such a choice, the factors that influence the epistemological components of justification, truth, and beliefs (Zimbardo, 2020).
(from: mindqa.ws)
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video related to the execution of behavior in a specific situation? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
Sensory consciousness and feelings are responsible for the execution of human behavior in a certain situation. The victim responds to stimuli and to have consciousness means he or she can think and have feelings (class notes, pg.4).
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video related to the acquisition of knowledge about the execution of behavior? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
Perception is the major component responsible for the acquisition of knowledge. The neurons and dendrites create pathways stronger in the mind giving an individual ability to interpret knowledge and respond appropriately to the changes through a behavior(Boundless.com slides note, pg.5).
- How are the MIND and its inherent properties involved in Scientific Examination and explanation of natural phenomena? SKIP
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video involved in the acquisition of and establishing the certainty of Knowledge? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
The cognitive mind (thinking part of the brain) enables an individual to gain skills and knowledge as well as some level of intelligence to create an assurance of given information (class notes, pg.15).
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video involved in generating an idea? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
The effective (motivation and feeling of the conscious mind) and cognitive components are responsible for generating an idea or rather creative thinking. The student uses his cognitive response and knowledge to generate new ideas (Psychology class note,2020).
- How is MIND related to the generation of the Hypothesis in an experiment? SKIP
- How is MIND related to the analysis of results in any experiment? SKIP
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video involved in the transition of external stimuli to behavior executed towards that stimulus? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
External stimuli are changes outside our bodies which we perceive through our senses such as light. The perception and affective (feeling part of the subconscious and conscious mind) are in response to the changes in the environment (Psychology Class notes, pg.19).
- How are the components of MIND as defined in the class, read in the text, and observed in video involved in the transition of internal stimuli to behavior executed towards that stimulus? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate the questions.
Internal stimuli are a reaction to changes inside our bodies such as bacteria in the body and inadequate water in the body system. The conative (the drive, mental energy, and instinct thought), effective and cognitive minds work together to help a person know the exact changes (Psychology Class notes, pg. 20).
- How do the components of MIND as defined in class, read in text, and observed in video extract information from memory (fact) and generate a plan (idea) that improves efficiency of and reduces effort expended (learning) during the execution of behaviors towards novel situations? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
About perception and material form, the mind recalls ideas, thoughts, and memories needed to create a new idea (Boundless psychology slides note, pg.7). A normal mind can only create an idea when it is motivated or the person has cognitive abilities to work it through.
- How do the components of MIND as defined in class, read in text, and observed in video produce variation in behavior? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
A person may develop violent behavior in response(cognitive) to the current situation in his environment due to his ability to think (Psychology class notes, pg.8).
12.How do mental processes inherent to the organism function prior to and enable change in state of the organism? SKIP
- How do the components of MIND as defined in class, read in text, and observed in video function to enable natural selection? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
The cognitive response enables natural selection in living organisms since they can detect changes (affective mind) in the environment and respond appropriately (Psychology class notes, pg.7).
14.How do the components of MIND as defined in class, read in text, and observed in video increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction? Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text and specific videos used to generate this answer.
The conative (doing mind) enables an organism to develop instincts and drive for survival and reproduction (Psychology class notes, pg.7).
- Please list behaviors and mental processes nature might select to best enable a person to survive and reproduce: SKIP
16.The chapters I read in the text most concerned with the description of the biological perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
Chapters 3,4 5,7,10 11,12 15 and 23.
17.The chapters I read in the text most concerned with the description of the cognitive perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
Chapters 3,4,5,10, 23 and 25.
18.The chapters I read in the text most concerned with the description of the developmental perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
Chapters 5,6,12,15 and 23.
19.The videos I watched most concerned with the description of the biological perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
“Learning” video (2020)
Discovering Psychology video (2020)
20.The videos I watched most concerned with the description of the cognitive perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
Discovering Psychology video (2020)
Boundless Psychology video (2020)
21.The videos I watched most concerned with the description of the developmental perspective of behavior and mental processes were:
“Learning” video (2020)
Discovering Psychology video (2020
22.Please explain your understanding of how MIND and interaction, (and natural selection) are related to topics described in chapter 13 and 14: Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text used to generate this answer.
Chapter 13 and 14 discusses the working brain when it is awake and during sleep (Class notes, pg.7). The mind (cognitive and affective) enable organisms to perceive changes in the surroundings and survive even during sleep because the brain works after every 30 minutes of every 90 minutes’ sleep.
23.Please explain your understanding of how MIND and interaction (and natural selection) are related to topics described in chapter 15 and 16: Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text used to generate this answer.
The cognitive (thinking mind) enables an organism to know its identity and develop intelligence responsible for survival (Boundless psychology slides, pg. 13)
24.Please describe your understanding of the perspective described in the text that you found most interesting and applicable to you attaining your academic goals. Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text used to generate this answer.
The Self-Perspective is the vital aspect in achieving, my academic goals. It helps me know my self-identity thus perform (conative mind) activities in a motivated manner and see failures as experience and not lack of skills (Boundless psychology, pg. 13).
25.Please describe your understanding of the perspective described in the text that you found most interesting and applicable to you attaining your career goals. Please put in parenthesis and underline specific pages from text used to generate this answer.
Judgement and decision making is essential in achieving my carrier goals. The cognitive (thinking mind) through skills and knowledge is applicable in making critical decision in the company (Psychology class notes, pg.14).
26.Please provide a detailed list of the mental processes engaged to generate your answer to these questions.
Cognitive process (skills, knowledge)
Conative process (drive and mental energy)
- Based upon my understanding of the information described in video, text, and lecture, the most important topic of study in the science of psychology is:
Health, mind and behavior.
Why?
Because it critically discusses the relationship between the mind, the body and human behavior. It summarizes the mental, developmental and behavioral processes in the human life.
- Based upon my understanding of the information described in video, text, and lecture, the following intervening processes precede execution of behaviors studied in the science of psychology is:
Perception and sensory consciousness.
- Based upon my understanding of the information described in video, text, and lecture, the most interesting source/cause of variation in the execution of those behaviors studied in the science of psychology is:
Sensory consciousness
How:
It is responsible for the desires, motivation emotion and affective response which results to a specific behavior.
- Based upon my understanding of the information described in video, text, and lecture, the most important mechanism that can be engaged to control those interesting intervening processes that precede and to reduce variation in the execution of the behaviors studied in the science of psychology is:
The mind
Why/how:
It contains the cognitive, affective and conative process that regulate intervening processes and minimize variation.
31.Please describe information and knowledge acquired from text, video and lecture about the scientific study of behavior and mental processes that might enable and that you as a student may implement to complete your courses successfully next term.
Learning through operant and classical conditioning is vital in successful completion of my course next term. Cultivating good reading habits and behaviors increases my chances of better performance in class (Zimbardo, 2020).
- Please describe any behavior or mental process that you can perform that psychology does not study.
Volition is the will to perform a certain work or activity. It is a neurological process that psychologists barely study which consequently, is important in learning.
- How is MIND as defined in class related to the experience of visual illusion? SKIP
- How is MIND as defined in class related to the experience of reality? SKIP
- How is MIND as defined in class related to the experience of trail and error learning ? SKIP
References
Neurological Psychology class notes (2020).
Zimbardo, P. G. (2020). Discovering psychology; Updated edition Annenberg/CPB.
Learning Video (2020). Retrieved from; mindqa.ws
Boundless psychology (2020). Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-psychology/front-matter/download-lecture-slides/