Terrorism
A growing number of studies have found that there are far fewer reports about how terrorism occurs than how it starts. According to criminology system, the question on whether criminality stops has influenced the isolation topic, the temporary and lasting absence of criminal conduct. The essay will focus on some of the contemporary issues affecting the criminal system. It will also discuss criminology on terrorism at people and the group level and identify some of the objectives for some research agendas.
As modern technology develops, a wide range of interrogation tactics is at the disposal of police departments in the war on terrorism. Continuous technological development also enables governments to use intrusive technology to control the activities of individuals. However, the persons concerned may have fewer chances to know or identify that they’d been imposed under surveillance. For example, before the advent of modern technology, government agencies mainly relied on recruiting respondents and sending undercover officers to collect information about the person. The intelligence services and law enforcement used to differentiate between overt and covert intelligence. The difference was related to the level of contact the government official had with a target. Modern surveillance technologies erased this difference. One is now discussing surveillance in terms of its function, namely, collection of information and the monitoring of individuals’ behavior.
Modern technology allows law enforcers to penetrate numerous aspects of a person’s life. It can take several different forms, including the use of hidden mini cameras; the use of face recognition software to identify people captured by video surveillance. Link surveillance video to the dataset holds photos of citizens; use of software to identify suspicious behavior based on video surveillance recorded in public areas; and different aspects of recording and tapping devices, including the transmission of voice conversations via the network technology to a particular server. Despite the considerable advantages that these developments offer, especially in terms of counter-terrorism deterrence, there are also substantial underlying questions about the effect these interventions may have on the fulfillment of human rights in specific privacy rights.
The U. S. Criminal Justice System is a foundational part of society that aims to protect citizens in the United States of America and guarantee that every individual is law-abiding and does not commit serious crimes. Each law has enacted in state and federal statutes to ensure that it is able and that some rules have not changed as time has changed. Nowadays, the criminal system faces current issues as well as developments that influence not only presently but in the long term and how crucial each member of the community is to the value of the criminal system.
For several decades, the criminal system has faced many problems and is presently questioning precisely how flexible U. S. criminal system is to citizens and criminals who are involved in both violent and misdemeanor crimes. The Corrections agency is a particular department facing several disputes concerning the validity of one’s constitutionally protected right to the Eighth Amendment.
The Founding Fathers had made one of the prominent laws banning the constitution from imposing unusual and cruel sentences on the death penalty. During one point, the death penalty consisted of the gas chamber, the firing squad, and electrocution. Unfortunately, many people presume that this type of punishment has been unusual and cruel, and several states have eradicated these strategies in their death sentences. Today, lethal injections are a new technique used in federal government executions which have not prohibited the use of capital punishment as a form of torture. Capital punishment is only enforced in 32 countries as of 2014. Still, the re-creation of a lethal cocktail of drugs made the public wonder that the painful injection procedure is an unusual and cruel means of execution.
Multiple critics have debated the question of the latest mix of lethal injection medications that the death row prisoners have the legal right to decide precisely what’s behind recently created capital punishment medications and also if that is against the Eighth Amendment. Two capital punishment inmates throughout the Oklahoma State pled with the Supreme Court to release all details about the contents of the drugs. At the same time, the Oklahoma’s Supreme Court explicitly reported, “The court finds that the confidentiality clause that is it does not infringe the fundamental right of access by inmates to courts. The only outstanding problem was if the failure of the state to reveal its drug origin discourages prisoners from embracing their executions by applying the Eighth Amendment ban on unusual and cruel punishment.
It was not determined by the trial “(CNN, 2014). Regarding the verdict, the suspension of the executions of Clayton Lockett and Charles Warner was lifted, or a double performance was arranged for 29 April 2014, which would radically alter the proper implementation guidelines and the Unusual and Cruel Punishment clause of Eighth Amendment. Clayton Lockett started to receive his first injection at around 6:23 p.m. and got unconscious for about ten minutes after injection. When the doctor found that he had been unconscious, he prescribed the only two medications which Clayton Lockett should do. Between 6:45 and 6:57 p.m., the doctor prescribing the medical treatments for the execution stated that the prisoner vein would have collapsed and that the medications must have been absorbed in his blood vessels or released out. Promptly, the prisoner died of a massive cardiac arrest.
After the shooting, the second prisoner who was scheduled to be hanged immediately after Lockett did not face the sentence and is now on a stay of 180 days until the federal government has been able to perform a serious investigation into the shooting. Supporters of capital punishment believe that the execution was carried out properly, although opponents think that he suffered a slow, painful death. The question remains as to whether the death penalty in the Oklahoma State will be abolished or whether the medications will be tested before they can be prescribed to death row prisoners. As much as anyone may have committed such a horrendous crime as Warner and Lockett, these violators are granted rights over all amendments to the U.S. Constitution. They also have the right to discuss infringements to the supreme court so that they can determine whether they have committed such crimes. Capital punishment has many pros and cons, and the criminal system is continuously striving to maintain it well and alive.
.Prison overcrowding is yet another modern problem that is now impacting criminology across the U.S. Society is mindful of the implications of violating the law, especially even crimes that are deemed non-criminal, and the perpetrator that’s not been in trouble with the authorities in the previous faces serious penalties, such as violent crime. Drug crimes are among the offenses that triggered the community of correctional facilities to skyrocket. Instead of choosing the best option for punishment, prison systems face an unparalleled amount of crimes inside the facilities. Nearly 26,539 violators are incarcerated in Oklahoma State, while the probation population is 21.085. Statewide Harm Reduction Coalition says, “Before the present prohibition era, the United States Inmate population was one-quarter of what it is now. However, the “War on Drugs” was launched 30 years later.
Previously, the prison rate had been at a level for more than five decades. 70 to 75 % of the people in jail are drug war inmates. Drug use, conviction, and prison rates, along with a length of sentence results, indicate that individuals of color bear the consequences of the war against drugs. The drug war is the leading cause for a growing number of inmates in prisons across the United States, and if state policy finally concludes to make the fight more likely to escalate, it would not be a severe problem. Additional reasons that the American Correctional System is overpopulated include harsh minimum terms, denial of probation, cheap probation, post-incarceration disorder, and poverty.
The last current issue facing public justice nowadays is the increasing amount of lawsuits against police officers engaged in police violence and inappropriate use of force. Because America has heard in the past about Rodney King’s events, it happened before, and that’s already going on. However, only because one cop does, it doesn’t mean that they’re all doing it. The most recent lawsuit involving police misconduct and disproportionate use of force concerns the Police Department of Albuquerque. Recently, some police officers have gone against their oaths and have maliciously murdered members of the community. The facts remain unclear, and the justice department launched an investigation alleging that the police force had punched, battered, and forcibly forced back non-threatening individuals, and also that the police were never reprimanded.
Some of the victims were mentally ill, and others were disabled, aged or intoxicated, concluded the 16-month report. The reforms asked for by the justice department contained 44 remedies, all of which required radical changes to the Department’s guidelines on the use of coercion. The word “force” should have been more explicitly described, and officers would also have to report to subordinates while employing specific tactics; tackles, leg sweeps, kicks, and chokeholds. According to the guidelines, police would be taught to rely more on verbal alerts and less on stun weapons, and prospective hires would be expected to perform psychological, psychiatric, and polygraph assessments to determine their fitness for service “. As far as the suggestions are concerned, there are more reports of police brutality and excessive use of force in Albuquerque, but it appears that officers pay no attention to the ideas and to choose what is ideal for them.
Some may feel harassed when they experience anyone, but there are other techniques instead of killing someone or physically harming them. Among the most current trends directly affecting the criminal system that would most greatly impact it in the long term is the growing number of crimes involving young people. Youth subjected to violence in the past, and the internet has also evolved other external factors are so much at stake. One specific place where society is witnessing violence is in environments that have at one time considered being free, such as movies and schools. The Aurora Theater Shooting and numerous school massacres are all going on, and concern for innocent people is regularly on their thoughts. The explanations that young people commit violent crimes of this nature to vary, but most of the incidents involve a loss of mental well-being and abuse.
Perpetrators believe as the victims harmed them in a way that allowed them to damage the whole community. Additionally, technology is a severe issue for the criminal system time and will continue as soon as access is available. Identity Fraud is the new phenomenon in cyber-crime, and all it requires is a press of a mouse, and in a couple of seconds, a thief finding information will gain access to someone else’s life. Prevention seems to be the only recommendation for both cybercrime and youth violence that will ultimately reduce recent trends in the criminal system. The criminology system has critical value in today’s evolving society by guaranteeing that their legal rights legally protect every citizen of the United States. Also, by ensuring that federal, local, and state governments follow proper procedures, policies, and protocols to keep society away from the danger that they might face.
The biggest concern that society has with the criminology system is the lack of confidence in offenders based on previous events and disputes that make us believe that these practitioners do not care about their well-being or will not go so far as to protect them. Recent trends and contemporary issues inside the criminal justice system will remain in society for a long time to come. Capital punishment, jail overpopulation, and police abuse impact the criminal regime in a number of ways, but any question can be presented to the community by appropriate procedures. In terms of developments, technologies and juvenile crime remain unclear, so the safest approach is to identify tools and strategies to eradicate problems in the future of the Criminal justice system. However, much as everyone finds the criminal justice system to be good or evil, it is essential to shield everyone from civil breaches as well as from severe acts of crime.