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Water World
Introduction
Coastal states have rights that regulate and exploit areas of the ocean under their jurisdiction. These rights are founded by LOSC, which gives access to resources hence seas freedom. LOSC allows coastal states to have control over different maritime zones near its coastline than it has further into the ocean. The variation in geographical settings to determine the zone begins, and it ends is the biggest challenge that is associated with these zones. The maritime zones are drawn using baselines, which are fixed along the low water line derived from states’ maps. The LOSC Ocean into six zones will determine a states’ boundary.
Exclusive economic zone starts from the seaward edge stretches outwards from the baseline by a distance of 370km. The difference between an exclusive economic zone and territorial waters is that the territorial waters extend into the sea by 22km from the baseline. Territorial waters, on the other hand, include everything within the range, not exceeding 12miles from the baseline hence making it the simplest zone. High seas refer to the ocean surface and column beyond EEZ under the LOSC area, and states can conduct any peaceful activity in this area (Hollick, 2017)
Kenya and Uganda is an example of countries that have a dispute over a territorial water body. The two countries have a dispute over Migingo Island that is in Lake Victoria. Uganda claims that the island is on its territory and that Kenya should not have authority over the island. But on the other hand, Kenya also believes that the island belongs to them and that it is one of the stretched water bodies from its baseline. This dispute can be solved using the ICC that comes up with a map that determines the boundaries of maritime boundaries. The rules of LOSC should also be applied to help in solving the dispute by defining the boundaries of the two states.
Work cited
Hollick, A. L. (2017). US Foreign Policy and the Law of the Sea. Princeton University Press.