identifying a model or theory for a health promotion program
Introduction
Health promotion programs are essential in a community since they reduce disease risk, manage chronic diseases and improve the self-sufficiency and wellbeing of individuals. The strategic managing models assist these programs by providing a clear understanding of directed health behaviour and their environmental context. These theories assist in understanding the nature of the aimed health activities by explaining the processes of changing behaviour, dynamics of actions, and the external and internal influences on the behaviour. The models help in different stages of developing, implementing and monitoring an intervention. They guide the investigation strategy, intervention goals and produce a picture of the intervention outcomes. An effective program is caused by theory-based planning, implementing and evaluation.
Program model
When identifying a model or theory for a health promotion program, it’s vital to consider factors like the health issue and the target population. The health belief model is suitable for the diabetes action program in the Perkinston community in Mississippi.
The health belief model is a model used to predict and explain individual changes in health behaviour. It is centred on a person beliefs about health-associated practices. The major constructs include the perceived susceptibility, where a person perceives the threat to disease and sickness. Perceived severity which is the belief about the consequences. Perceived benefits, which are potentially positive benefits of an action. Perceived barriers, which are the options on the psychological and physical cost of action. Cue to action which is revealing of aspects that prompt action or activate readiness. Lastly, self-efficacy, which is the confidence inability to succeed.
The model will be competent to diabetes action program in the Perkinston community since its application will help identify the risk levels of the African American population in the community. Since diabetes continues to increase in the community, the model will provide a new avenue of supporting appropriate dissemination of healthcare services.
Program activities according to the model constructs
Screening of diabetes is where individuals can realize their susceptibility to the disease even without showing any symptoms. This activity will support the program’s objective of developing a momentum of action and participation. If diabetes is left untreated, the community members should know about the severity of the disease where it can lead to heart diseases, nerve damage, kidney damage and stroke. This activity will back up the program objective in advocating for the quality of life among the African American population.
Through proper treatment, healthy eating and avoiding alcohol, individuals can benefit managing and reducing the risk of contracting diabetes. This activity supports the program’s objective of preventing diabetes by creating a physical and social environment that promotes good health. Reducing the risk without excessive difficulties or side effects cuts down the barriers of acquiring treatment. This activity would endorse the project objective of eliminating health disparities. When individuals have problems in achieving the health goal, the program can provide reminder calendars and print materials that would promote constant adherence to treatment. By doing this program objective of improving the measurement of progress towards achieving goals will be successful. Finally, people can establish achievable goals which would increase self-efficacy. This would support the program’s objective of increasing access to reliable diabetes self-management.
Tailoring program activities
Tailoring program activities is examining the evidence and identifying gaps where intervention can combine to enhance impact and effectiveness in a community. To tailor activities in the population, a systematic review of different response would provide audit and feedback. To improve participation of the individual, a series of events which include interactive components could be tailored where topics on the program awareness will be involved.
Program logic model
Diabetes is a health epidemic that widens with the health inequality gaps in the self-management knowledge, disease management, and access to health care. There are very few evidence-based interventions which feature Perkinston community engagement in practice and focus on diabetes. This program presents a diabetes intervention in the community, especially among the disparate population of the African America people. They need to be engaged on the basis of testing and evaluating. This program will advance the community to guide diabetes recommendations and work towards sustainable and measurable engagement for improved diabetes outcomes.
Program implementation plan
This program will be adopted by the local health department and primary care physicians. The probable barriers for the adoption may include lack of knowledge and skills and the absence of certainty in the effectiveness of the intervention. This issues can be solved through educating the care providers and presenting evidence-based intervention that can instil confidence.
MSDH diabetes prevention and control program is suitable for implementing the intervention. The implementation may face barriers, for instance, lack of finance and absence of interest by the relevant community. These barriers can be resolved through acquiring funding from private and government organizations and creating a sense of need for the intervention through raising awareness.
A six-month period is enough for the implementation and adoption of the program’s guidelines. In the first three months, there should be an announcement of the program and leadership, assignment of responsibilities, preparation of tools and materials, starting patients’ registry, training staff and personnel beginning the data collection and program kickoff. The next three months would include full implementation and process evaluation.
Conclusion
Planning an effective intervention, it’s crucial to choose a suitable strategic management model that assists in achieving the intervention’s objectives. The model helps in various level of developing, instigating and evaluating an intervention. During implementation, the program can tailor activities for its target population, and it should also provide a logic model that states the intervention’s activities and desired outcomes. Finally, the program should identify suitable organizations or people that can implement and adopt the intervention.