Case Studies in Collective Behavior
Collective Behaviors
Collective behaviors are diversified stated practices that are engaged by many people. It is also referred to as simple routines that are not structured as well as relatively voluntarily with large masses of people acting under the influence of others or only by themselves (Lofland, 2017). Such behaviors always have fewer similarities to each other, even though their essential characteristics make them be categorized as collective behaviors. Some of the forms of collective actions that are common are panics, practices based on disaster, riots, and moral panics and rumors, among others.
Haitian Revolution (protest)
Haitian Revolution is a sequence of disputes in the year around 1791 and 1804 among the slaves of Haitian, French, British armies, colonizers, colonists, and other large parties. Struggling people from Haitian eventually gained independence from France, hence becoming the leading nation to be discovered through ancient slaves (Ouverture and Toussaint, 2019). Therefore Hatian revolution is stated to be majorly successful as well as the most significant rebellion of slaves in the Hemisphere of the western. Such resistance had influenced the French uprising in 1789, which represented citizenship in the global world, government participation, and new aspects of human rights.
During the 18th century, when Haiti was discovered, Saint Dominique emerged as the wealthiest foreign in France. This was mostly since they produced coffee, cotton, indigo, and sugar, which was developed by slaves from forced labor. The start of the French protest in the year 1789, there was an emergence of five various parties in the community. The owners of slaves and plantations were the white planters, such as the shopkeepers, teachers, and artisans. Many whites at Saint Dominique supported the independent movement, which started during the enforcement of France’s substantial tariffs on products introduced into the territory. Planters were not allowed to engage in trading with other countries hence intensely disappointed by France. Moreover, the population of whites at Saint Dominique was never represented in France. Petit Blancs and planters stain in the commitment to slavery despite its appeal for their independence.
In the year 1789, the constitution of America was effected, leading to a rebellion in France. French proclaimed that all gender of humans has equal rights. Despite the smallest colonies of France in the map, the three of Calliberian communities in Saint Dominique, Martinique, and Guadeloupe had many slaves than the Americans. The social structure of the colonies of slaves in France differs from the state of slaves in the South of America (Dun, James, and Alexander, 2016.6). Slaves that were white in the United States were about to be placed together at a similar level with slaves that were black, while the colonies in French most of the whites had liberated children whose races were mixed, hence developing a free colored class. The whites and free colored slaves were primarily outnumbered by the slaves that were black at Saint Dominique. Slaves were being brought from various regions in Africa, mostly the western part of it. Such slaves came with their beliefs and traditions, but they had to cope with the environment, which was different in the Caribbean. Slaves were new were supposed to learn modern French expression.
Like the white owners of a plantation in South of America, slaveholders in the colonies of French engaged majorly in the protest. Slaves were considered as the substance who were hard to earn, yet the government that was sober-minded regard to take them off, which lead to an argument.
1997 Asian Financial Crisis
The financial crisis in Asia is a series of cash reduction and other incidents which started in 1997 during summer, spreading across the markets in Asia. The reduction of currency, which had quickly escalated throughout Asia in the East, had reduced the market stock, government revolution, and decline in the import revenues.
The crisis came about from different situations emerging from financial, phenomena of monetary, and industrial. Generally, most of such disasters have been related to the economy’s strategy, such as led growth exportation, which had been endorsed among the economic Eastern Asian developing, hence causing a crisis. Such a plan includes corporation of government strictly with the producers of export products such as favorable financial deals, contributions, and cash pegs to United States dollars, which assures favorable rates of exchange to exporters.
Most of the countries have embraced control measures, which assures currency flexibility in the government resulting from the crisis. It has majorly effected to purchasing of treasuries from the United States, which are utilized as universal venture monetary authorities, leading banks, and most of the comprehensive organization. Crisis in Asia had resulted in most wanted government as well as the economic changes in nations like South Korea, Indonesia, Japan, and Thailand. It has also served as an economies case study that is valuable, which has tried to understand the current markets that are interwoven. Thailand had provided the most excellent illustration of the allowance to be gained through outside direction, the philosophy which is friendly to the market, policies that are cautiously brought from the external, and responsiveness to overseas investments.
The Asian financial crisis has added to changes in the environment in a significant manner. Agricultural growth implications, pollution of the industries, management of natural resources, implementation of state and environmental budgets, and the development of agriculture have been examined. Issues concerning the environment are conservation and quality of water, has caused by crisis leading to an increase in the mismanagement of the situation. There is a need for more research, which meant to assist nations of the pacific Asian look for ways to address the solutions of the current crisis to better the future.
Regarding the impacts of public and private information on the crisis of cash crisis, people always indicate that the reign of rates that are fixed, government agencies, and central banks has to be committed to a higher level of clarity in the fundamentals of the economy. Due to such impacts, government agencies and the central bank should be advised on the best choices on the policy method of information hence preventing analytical critics.
1997 Asian financial crisis has brought memories that are painful to the government and individuals in Asia (Ameida, Heitor and Kim, 2015). The plight of the economy had driven away the area reducing the ages of social as well as economic growth. Thailand, South Korea, and Indonesia have been deeply influenced by the crisis of 1997, which suffered a severe change and scrutiny. Such nations suffered enormous consequences because they do not have enough social security plans during crisis occurrence. By predicting today as well as future crises, the government needs to be provided with social protection regime in general (Harvie, Charles, and Hoa, 2016). Such protection should come automatically in place in offering help to the situation of widespread reduction of income, despite the depth, scope, and cause of the crisis
Data Collection Summary
Primary sources were the recent evidence that was developed at the occurrence of events in history over time. Examples of primary sources are diaries, journals, manuscripts, letters, speeches, memoirs, interviews, and records created by government operations. They are also responsible for the provision of research is crucial to historical events.
Most of the primary sources are found on the website. Other information, and documents linked to Haitian Revolution, have been included in Haiti’s history, archives where primary data was collected on Toussaint Louverture and Haitian Revolution, which was translated by Marxist Internet Archives in English. In a fraternity, equity, and liberty in the Hatian Revolution and slavery, data collection is found in the background information, statistics of slavery images, and primary data.
The Asian crisis was assessed through the evidence of the recent imbalances of the account in the area. The current powerful role loss of the statement, which is described as the source of unruly tension in the market of finance, has been repeatedly emphasized. Most of the countries in Asia have a sophisticated reduction in the account recently in a sizeable manner
Events analysis
Hatian Revolution is very crucial in educating the current history of the Hemisphere in the western parts as well as globally in general. Through the recognition of such importance, social scientists and historians have emerged with more practical Hatian Revolutionary studies. Every study has been presenting a methodology that is theoretical and various frameworks that are based on facts. It has created an inspiring subject analysis. Hatian Revolution is very relevant in that it has been examined to be the first protest slaves, which turn out to be successful in recent times.
Sustainability assessment of the imbalances of account in the current situation is not easily tackled. Based on the facts, there is no existing precedent that is compelling in determining the ongoing reduction of currency. The impacts of the accumulating net liabilities overseas have reached extreme proportions. Hence it has triggered expectations of devaluation, financial crisis, and outflow speculations. The theoretical criteria that assess imbalances in account bring about the concept of solvency. A nation is a solvent to an extension that the value of discounted in anticipated commodities of the debt from foreign in absolute future is not favorable.
Even though most of the governmental agencies in Asia are working towards improving monetary policies, the International Monetary Funds has initiated forty billion programs to stabilize the funds of Thailand, Indonesia, and South Korea to boost their economies after the crisis.
Conclusion
In conclusion, both the 1997 Asian financial crisis and Haitian Revolution are cases that describe collective behaviors briefly, since, in both cases, there is a malicious behavior whereby people act upon something or are influenced to engage in it. For instance, in the Asian crisis, the result of panic among lenders affected the withdrawal of funds from countries that were facing a crisis. While in Haitian Revolution lacked defined as well as apparent authority in the political regime, the white colonist was not able to get rebellion that they have been seeking for long.
References
Almeida, Heitor, Chang‐Soo Kim, and Hwanki Brian Kim. “Internal capital markets in business groups: Evidence from the Asian financial crisis.” The Journal of Finance 70.6 (2015): 2539-2586.
Dun, James Alexander. Dangerous Neighbors: Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.6.
Harvie, Charles, and Tran Van Hoa. The causes and impact of the Asian financial crisis. Springer, 2016.
Lofland, John. “Collective behavior: The elementary forms.” Social psychology. Routledge, 2017. 411-44
L’Ouverture, Toussaint. The Haitian Revolution. Verso Books, 2019.